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Microorganisms Viruses

Immunoglobulins are purified from the serum (or plasma) of human donors by methods similar to those used to purify animal-derived antibodies. In most instances, the immunoglobulin preparations are enriched in antibodies capable of binding to a specific antigen (usually an infectious microorganism/virus). These may be purified from donated blood of individuals who have ... [Pg.404]

Most food powders are not directly consumed by humans and animals, they are usually mixed with water and other liquids to produce wet formulations, which are further processed to produce products that are directly consumed. As a result of being ultimately consumed by humans and animals, prevention of contamination of the powders with microorganisms, viruses and undesirable chemical components is a huge issue for food powder manufacturers and the food industry in general. One major case of food poisoning linked to a contaminated powder can be very detrimental to a producer. [Pg.210]

The terminal oligosaccharide structures (glycans) in glycoconjugates which are associated with the eucaryotic cell represent specific contact and recognition sites for other cells, microorganisms, viruses, proteins, hormones and toxins. [Pg.94]

Up to the present time, various techniques of nonisotopic immunoassay have been developed. Substances to be measured by these techniques include hormones (peptide and nonpeptide), biologically active trace substances, carrier proteins, immunoglobulins, viruses, tumor markers, antibodies against microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, and parasites), autoantibodies, etc. Innumerable papers concerning nonisotopic immunoassay have been published, and enzyme (15, Kl, N5, N6, PI, S2, V4, W9) and fluores-... [Pg.62]

The active ingredient, an immunogenic agent, consists of a live modified microorganism (virus or bacteria), having the capacity to multiply within the organism into which it is injected and to induce the development of immunity. [Pg.338]

Microorganisms, viruses, biocolloids, fibrils aggregation of exudates and macromolecular organic matter... [Pg.820]

I. Microorganisms Viruses, chlamydiae, rickettsiae, bacteria, protozoa... [Pg.174]

The hygiene hypothesis included the exposure to a variety of microorganisms, virus and parasites, with which humans coexisted throughout much of the evolutionary history, as necessary for balanced and regulated immune system development, in particular during the prenatal period and early childhood, which are considered the critical intervals for the establishment of the Thl/Th2 balance. [Pg.364]

PI or FFPl 4 X OEL Not against droplet aerosols, particles of carcinogenic or radioactive substances, microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi and their spores) and enzymes... [Pg.234]

Antibodies are produced by mammals as part of an immune response of the host to foreign intruders such as microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Antibodies are otherwise called immunoglobins and are heavy globular plasma proteins (150 kDa). Antibodies can be classified in to five classes IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgD. Immunoglobin G (IgG) is the most abundant immunoglobin species in serum and also the most commonly used... [Pg.207]


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SERS Investigations of Cells, Viruses and Microorganisms

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