Microfluidic applications electrodes

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a technique in which droplets are moved on a substrate with patterned electrodes by means of electrowetting and/or dielectrophoretic forces [Digital Microfluidics, Applications Based on Electro wetting]. DMF has the capability to process several analytes at the same time and has been used to characterize proteomic samples and form arrays of spots for analysis by MALDI-MS. In particular. Moon et al. [14] used DMF to perform in situ sample cleanup on an open substrate, after which, samples were interrogated by... 

Bonding with adhesive tapes is an attractive low cost and low temperature method for polymer and glass-polymer bonding. First tests for microfluidic applications were reported with unstractured tapes [ 12]. If the glass chip carries a sensor or electrodes, it is necessary to cut microflu-... 

Capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry (CE-MS), 4 641 Capillary electrodes, 14 27 Capillary electrophoresis (CE), 4 602-603, 631-633 6 385 9 751-752 antibody based columns with, 6 402 chiral additives, 6 77-79 applications, 4 641 basic principles, 4 606-609 detectors, 4 634-635 for DNA analysis, 4 636-637 flow profiles generated, 4 608 instrumentation, 4 633 as microfluidic assay technique,... 

An application of microfluidic reactors is the development of a membraneless fuel cell. Two streams, one containing a fuel such as methanol, the other an oxygen-saturated acid or alkaline stream, are merged without mixing. The laminar flow pattern in the narrow channel helps to maintain separate streams without the use of membrane separators. Opposite walls function as the electrodes and are doped with catalyst. Ion exchange, protons for the add system, takes place through the liquid-liquid interface. This is an example of a solid-liquid-liquid-solid multiphase reactor. ... 

The most common digital microfluidic fluid actuation techniques utilize a combination of strategically placed electrodes and changes in contact angle induced by one of two principles electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) or dielectrophoresis (DEP). EWOD and DEP can be considered as the low- and high-frequency cases, respectively, of the application of a sufficient electric field to polarizable liquids along the correct axes.7... 

The reference electrode and the microfluidic channel are directly assembled on top of the gate insulating layer. As a result, the polymer FET reported in this work can be integrated with disposable lab-on-a-chip platforms, which is very attractive for in vivo applications. Also in this case the application of the device can be extended to the detection of biomolecules by modifying the gate layer with a proper functionalization membrane. 

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