Microdialysis technique sensor

Ricci F, Moscone D, Palleschi G. Ex vivo continuous glucose monitoring with microdialysis technique the example of GlucoDay. IEEE Sensors Journal 2008, 8, 63-70. 

The microdialysis technique was subsequently adopted by the same groups (such as Pfeiffer and Shichiri) which had initially developed the in vivo needle sensors, now employing these same sensors in a flow system connected to a microdialysis probe for sampling [105-108]. 

Flow sensors were also used coupled with microdialysis probe [236], providing several advantages the reaction took place in few minutes allowing continuous analysis the sensitivity was in the order of pmoles the microdialysis probe allowed biological specimens to be drawn without proteins or macromolecules. This technique can be extended to the analysis of analytes that need to be detected continuously such as during therapy monitoring, or in emergency care units. 

The continuous measurement of histamine released from rat basophilic leukaemia cells has been recently reported by Niwa [190], who coupled a microdialysis probe with a histamine oxidase-based carbon electrode obtained by coating the enzyme on the top of an Os-gel-HPR layer. For the exclusion of electrochemically active compounds, they suggested an overcoating of Nafion. In addition, a sensor using micro-machining techniques has been fabricated by the authors and apphed to the monitoring of histamine release from a small mast cell colony. 

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