Microcarrier cultures, animal cell

There are several manufacturers of microcarriers for animal cell culture, providing products with different chemical composition, size, form, and density. Table 9.2 shows a list of common commercially available microcarriers and their manufacturers. 

Zuehlke, A. Roeder, B. Widdecke, H. Klein, J. Synthesis and application of new microcarriers for animal cell culture. Part I design of polystyrene based microcarriers. J. Biomater. Sci. 1993, 5 (1-2), 65-78. 

Lee, D.W., Gregory, D., Haddow, D.J., Piret, M.J., and Kilbum, D.G., High density BHK culture using porous microcarriers, in Animal Cell Technology Developments, Processes and Products, Spier, R.E., Griffiths, J.B., and MacDonald, C., Eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1992, pp. 480-486. 

Hirtenstein, M., Clark, J., Lindgren, G, and Vretblad, P. (1980) Microcarriers for animal cell culture a brief review of theory and practice. Dev. Biol Stand., 46, 109-116. 

Kalogerakis, N., and Behie, L. A., Oxygenation Capabilities of New Generation Three Phase - Two Region Bioreactors for Microcarrier Cultures of Animal Cells, Fluidization VIII, (C. Laguerie, and J. F. Large, eds.), p. 441, Engineering Foundation, Tours, France (1995)... 

Croughan, M. S., J.-F. Hamel, and D. I. C. Wang, "Hydrodynamic Effects on Animal Cells Grown in Microcarrier Cultures," Biotech. Bioeng. 29 (1987) 130-141. 

Croughan MS, Hamel JF, Wang DI (1987), Hydrodynamic effects on animal cells grown in microcarrier cultures, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 29 130-141. 

Microcarrier technology has provided valuable systems for industrial-scale use of animal cells. However, microcarriers have also proved to be a highly adaptable and very successful approach to studying a wide range of cell types, both in mono-and co-culture. 

Van Wezel, A. L. and van der Velden-de Groot, C.A. M. (1978) Large scale cultivation of animal cells in microcarrier culture. Process Biochem. 13 6. 

B.9.1.6 Mixing Time in Three-Phase (Gas-Liquid-Solid) System There are no reported experimental data on gas-liquid-solid systems that are relevant to animal cell culture using microcarrier beads as support for the cells. As mentioned earlier in the case of gas-liquid and solid-liquid systems, because of (i) the low density difference (Ap 30-50 kg/m ) and (ii) low aeration rates, there is insignificant impact of introduction of the solid and gas phases. Further, if an upflow impeller is used, the power drop due to aeration is less than 10% at low aeration rates (Fig. 7A.6). Therefore, Equation 7B.11 can be used in this case also. 

Clark JM, Hirtenstein MD. (1981) Optimizing culture conditions for the production of animal cells in microcarrier culture. Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 369 33 6. 

Kalogerakis N, Behie LA. Oxygenation capabilities of new generation three phase two region bioreactors for microcarrier cultures of animal cells. In Large JF, Laguerie C, eds. Fluidization VIII. New York Engineering Foundation, 1995, pp 695-704. 

Collagen - [FOOD ADDITIVES] (Vol 11) - [PROTEINS] (Vol 20) -m animal hides [LEATHER] (Vol 15) -as cell microcarrier [CELL CULTURE TECHNOLOGY] (Vol 5) -effect of copper on [MINERAL NUTRIENTS] (Vol 16) -gelatin from [GELATIN] (Vol 12) -sumres of [SUTURES] (Vol 23)... 

In order to sustain life, a bioartificial liver device should contain at least 10-30% of the normal liver mass (i.e., 150-450 g of cells in the case of an adult). In a bioartificial liver device, the animal or human liver cells can conceivably be cultured and used in several forms, including (i) independent single-cell suspensions (ii) spheroid (i.e., globular) aggregates of cells of 100-150 pm diameter (iii) cylindroid, rod-like aggregates of cells of 100-150 pm diameter (iv) encapsulated cells and (v) cells attached to solid surfaces, such as microcarriers, flat surfaces, and the inside or outside of hollow fibers. In order to facilitate mass transfer, a direct contact between the cells and the blood seems preferable. Among the various types of bioartificial liver device tested to date, four distinct groups can be identified [19] ... 

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