Microbiological contamination vulnerability

In 1997, the Declaration of the Environment Leaders of the Eight on Children s Environmental Health acknowledged the special vulnerability of children and committed their countries to take action on several specific environmental health issues, such as chronic lead poisoning, microbiologically contaminated drinking-water, endocrine disrupting chemicals, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and poor air quality. 

Thus a great deal of pharmacy preparations will have a shelf life after opening that is shorter than in the intact package, for two main reasons. A relatively large part of pharmacy preparations are vulnerable to microbiological contamination, and caution in determining the shelf life is the consequence of the often limited amount of research on this subject. 

The nasal spray pump is less vulnerable to microbiological contamination of the spray fluid. 

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