Micelle cubes

Carcerands and Hemicarcerands, p. 189 Cryptophanes, p. 340 Glycoluril-Based Hosts, p. 597 Hydrogen Bonding, p. 658 Micelles and Vesicles, p. 861 Molecular Squares, Boxes, and Cubes, p. 909 Platonic and Archimedean Solids, p. 1100 Self-Assembly Definition and Kinetic and Thermodynamic Considerations, p. 1248 Self-Assembly Terminology, p. 1263 Soft and Smart Materials, p. 1302... 

The equilibrium size of the micelles increases as the cube root of the degree of polymerization n(n = rij n ) and with increasing AW. 

With [N2H5OHMHAUCI4] = 2.5-20, the particles were monodispersed and approximately equiaxed with the size decreasing from 14.5 nm to 6.1 nm as the ratio increased. At [N2H5OHMHAUCI4] = 1, the product assembly consisted of spheres, cubes and rods as expected, the spheres were relatively large, i.e. 10.3-37.9 nm. With the ratio remaining at 1 in a O.IM AOT/Span 80/isooctane mixed reversed micelle system, the particle size increased from 11.9 to 33.0 nm as the [water]/[surfactant] value increased from 4 to 20. As the ratio increased above 8, rods and cubic particles were found to form. 

Since the formation of the micelle-soft-template is strongly affected by the nature of polymeric chain and dopant as well as polymerization conditions, the structure of micelle-soft templates formed in a reaction solution can vary [5cj. Moreover, the micelle-soft template and the molecular interactions as the driving forces coexist in the reaction solution, resulting in cooperation between them that might be employed to complex micro/nanostructures of PANI via the self-assembly process. This prediction has been confirmed by the formation of hollow rambutan-like spheres [64], hollow dandelion-like microstructure [65] and hollow cube box-like 3D microstructures of PANI [66] as shown in Figure 17.4. These complex 3D micro/nanostructures are self-assembled from ID nanofibers and show electrical and supper-hydrophobic properties. The trick is to use perfluorooctane sulfuric acid (PFOSA) or perfluorosebadc acid (PFSEA) as the dopant, which has doping. 

The chromatography data for the NPE series is given in Table 2. The value of for NPE q was found from literature [70] and was assumed to be the same for both NPE and NPE g. This approximation causes negligible error, since the cube root of v is used in calculations (Eqn.2). The values of M were data obtained from membrane osmometry of these micelles [53]. The values of calculated f/f values are given in Table 2. 

The difficulty in direct synthesis of mesoporous transition metal oxides by soft templating (surfactant micelles) arises from their air- and moisture-sensitive sol-gel chemistry [4,10,11]. On the other hand, mesoporous silica materials can be synthesized in nimierous different solvent systems (i.e., water or water-alcohol mixtures), various synthetic conditions (Le., acidic or basic, various concentration and temperature ranges), and in the presence of organic (Le., TMB) and inorganic additives (e.g., CT, SO, and NOs ) [12-15]. The flexibility in synthesis conditions allows one to synthesize mesoporous silica materials with tunable pore sizes (2-50 nm), mesostructures (Le., 2D Hexagonal, FCC, and BCC), bimodal porosity, and morphologies (Le., spheres, rods, ropes, and cubes) [12,14,16-19]. Such a control on the physicochemical parameters of mesoporous TM oxides is desired for enhanced catalytic, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties. Therefore, use... 

Figure 9.7 Plot of the normalized cube of the z-average diameter (where dj, = diameter at time t and d , , = diameter at time 0) for decane-in-water emulsions as a function of time for different concentrations of SDS above the critical micelle concentration...

---