Methyl hydrate polymer

When the water structure in the hydrated polymers was examined using the differential scaiming calorimetric technique, it was found that a large amount of free water existed in the MPC polymers [poly(MPC-co-BMA) and poly(MPC-co-n-dodecyl methacrylate (DMA) with 30 unit mol% of MPC] compared with that in poly(HEMA), poly(aciylamide-co-BMA) (PAM), poly(sodium 2-methyl-2-acrylamide propane sulfonate-co-BMA) (PAMB), and poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-BMA) (PVB) °. 

Butyl alcohol, obtained from hydration of Raffinate 1, can be dehydrated and subsequently refined to high purity, polymer-grade isobutylene (25). Alternatively, the isobutylene from alcohol dehydration can react with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst to give methyl /-butyl ether (MTBE) gasoHne additive (see Ethers organic). 

Modified amino acids such as N-acyl-dehydroalanine polymers and copolymers with N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide seem to be particularly effective [396]. The crystallization kinetics in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone and tyrosine have been tested by time-resolved experiments [981]. An influence is evident on the particle size distribution of the hydrate [1433]. 

Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK boiling point 769.6°C, density 0.8062, flash point -6°C) is an important coating solvent for many polymers and is made by the sulfation and hydration of 1 or 2-butene to sec-butyl alcohol, which is then dehydrogenated to the ketone (Fig. 1). 

As can be seen from Table 9.12, photochromism is also strongly affected by humidity. It is well known that thiazine and its derivatives undergo photoreduction smoothly in the presence of such activated surfaces as silica gel and alumina with water molecules,37 and that methylene blue is also photochemically reduced in acid solution, even with only available water as the reducing agent38 Therefore the water present in polymer films must produce a thionine-water hydration system, which accelerates the rate of the photoreduction of thionine, as well as promoting the contact of reductants by a plasticizer effect. PVA, used as the matrix, can also play the role of reductant, but its extent may be minor as compared with the added reductant. The effect of water is supported by the fact that a less hydrophilic polymer matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) does not exhibit photochromism even though the system contains an appreciable amount of reductants. 

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