Methyl alcohol and benzene

Not only the vapour pressure, but also the vapour density and surface tension of a liquid may be altered by intensive drying. Moreover, in contact with charcoal, ether, methyl alcohol and benzene were found to have a higher vapour pressure than in its absence. 

Thus with methyl alcohol and benzene two separate determinations were made with the following results. 

Methyl alcohol and benzene cannot be separated from each other by distillation, because their properties are so dissimilar that a mixture of minimum boiling point is formed, and, as its boiling point is much lower than that of the binary benzene-water mixture, no separation can bo effected by adding water and distilling. A ternary mixture does not come over, but the first fraction still consists of the benzene-alcohol mixture of constant boiling point. 

When a mixture which distils without change of composition is formed, and its boiling point is far below that of the more volatile component, as in the case of normal propyl alcohol and water, or of methyl alcohol and benzene, or far above that of the less volatile component as with nitric acid and water, it is usually possible to separate in a pure state both the mixture of constant boiling point and that component which is in excess. But, if the boiling point of the mixture is very near that of one of the two components, as in the case of ethyl alcohol and water (Fig. 71), or of normal hexane and benzene, it is practically impossible to separate that component in a pure state, and it may be impossible to separate the mixture of constant boiling point even when the component which boils at a widely different... 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , ]

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