Methionin hydroxy analogue

An estimation of the amount of amino acid production and the production methods are shown ia Table 11. About 340,000 t/yr of L-glutamic acid, principally as its monosodium salt, are manufactured ia the world, about 85% ia the Asian area. The demand for DL-methionine and L-lysiae as feed supplements varies considerably depending on such factors as the soybean harvest ia the United States and the anchovy catch ia Pern. Because of the actions of D-amiao acid oxidase and i.-amino acid transamiaase ia the animal body (156), the D-form of methionine is as equally nutritive as the L-form, so that DL-methionine which is iaexpensively produced by chemical synthesis is primarily used as a feed supplement. In the United States the methionine hydroxy analogue is partially used ia place of methionine. The consumption of L-lysiae has iacreased ia recent years. The world consumption tripled from 35,000 t ia 1982 to 100,000 t ia 1987 (214). Current world consumption of L-tryptophan and i.-threonine are several tens to hundreds of tons. The demand for L-phenylalanine as the raw material for the synthesis of aspartame has been increasing markedly. 

Characteristics L-lysine HCI L-threonine L-tryptophan DL-methionine Methionine Hydroxy-Analogue, iiquid... 

It is assumed that industrial amino acids obtained by chemical synthesis or fermentation are totally digestible in monogastric species. This corresponds to a value of 100% for standardised digestibility (SID) In the pig and true digestibility (TD) in poultry. However, this is not the case for the methionine hydroxy-analogue (see note 3). 

Methionine hydroxy analogue conversion in intestinal Caco-2 cells... 

Gordon R.S. and I.W. Sizer, 1965. Conversion of methionine hydroxy analogue to methionine in the chick. Poult. Sci. 44, 673-678. 

Rey, R, Rossi, J.-C., Taillades, J., Gros, G., and Nore, O. (2004). Hydrolysis of nitriles using an immobilized nitrilase Applications to the synthesis of methionine hydroxy analogue derivatives. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52,8155-8162. 

Hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid [583-91 -5] the hydroxy analogue of the amino acid methionine, is manufactured by acid hydrolysis of 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde cyanohydrin [17773-41-0] which is produced by the reaction of methyl mercaptan with acrolein (qv). 

The mixture of D and L optical forms of this hydroxy analogue of methionine is converted to the calcium salt which is used in animal feed supplements. Cyanohydrins react with ammonium carbonate to form hydantoins (2), which yield amino acids upon hydrolysis. Commercial DL-methionine [59-57-8] is produced by hydrolysis of the hydantoin of 3-meth5ithiopropionaldehyde [3268-49-3]. 

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