Methanol resistance

Mo-containing catalysts. The most recent work in the area by Alonso-Vante and his research group covered Ru Se, for methanol resistance purposes.193-196... 

Most of the catalysts employed in PEM and direct methanol fuel cells, DMFCs, are based on Pt, as discussed above. However, when used as cathode catalysts in DMFCs, Pt containing catalysts can become poisoned by methanol that crosses over from the anode. Thus, considerable effort has been invested in the search for both methanol resistant membranes and cathode catalysts that are tolerant to methanol. Two classes of catalysts have been shown to exhibit oxygen reduction catalysis and methanol resistance, ruthenium chalcogen based catalysts " " and metal macrocycle complexes, such as porphyrins or phthalocyanines. ... 

Su et al. [138] prepared composite PEMs from sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) (sPPEK) and various amounts of sulfonated silica nanoparticles (silica-SO3H). The use of silica-SO H was seen to compensate for the reduction in the lEC of the membrane, while the strong -SO3H/-SO3H interaction between sPPEK chains and silica-SO3H particles led to ionic crosslinking in the membrane structure, which improved not only the thermal stability but also the methanol resistance. 

E. Antolini, T. Lopes, E. R. Gonzalez An overview of platinum-based catalysts as methanol-resistant oxygen reduction materials for direct methanol fuel cells, Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 461, 253-262 (2008). 

Uses Epoxy curing agent for two-pkg. air-dry coatings, e.g., industrial maintenance primers, midcoats, and topcoats, anticorrosive marine primers, zinc-rich primers, methanol-resist, tank coatings, concrete floor coatings... 

Shukla AK, Raman RK (2003) Methanol-resistant oxygen-reduction catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells. Annu Rev Mater Res 33 155-168... 

Argun AA, Ashcraft JN, Hammond PT (2008) Highly conductive, methanol resistant polyelectrolyte multilayers. Adv Mater 20 1539-1543... 

Lin H, Zhao C, Ma W, Li H, Na H (2009) Low water swelling and high methanol resistant proton exchange membrane fabricated by cross-linking of multilayered polyelectrolyte complexes. J Membr Sci 345 242-248... 

Wang J, Zhao C, Lin H, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Ni J, Ma W, Na H (2011) Design of a stable and methanol resistant membrane with cross-linked multilayered polyelectrolyte complexes for direct methanol fuel cells. J Power Sources 196 5432-5437... 

Lu Y, Reddy R (2007) The electrochemical behavior of cobalt phthalocyanine/platinum as methanol-resistant oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts for DMFC. Electrochim Acta 52(7) 2562-2569... 

Salgado, J.R.C., Antolini, E., and Gonzalez, E.R. (2005) Carbon supported Pt-Co alloy as methanol-resistant oxygen-reduction... 

Tributsch H, Bron M, HUgendorff M, Schulenburg H, Dorbandt I, Eyert V, et al. Methanol-resistant cathodic oxygen reduction catalysts for methanol fuel cells. J Appl Electrochem 2001 31 739. 

Salgado JRC, Antolini E, Gonzalez ER. Carbon supported Pt-Co alloys as methanol-resistant oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells. Appl Catal B Enviromnental 2005 57(4) 283-90. 

Explosive decompression High-pressure extrusion Effect of corrosion inhibitors Effect of hydrogen sulphide Steam/add resistance Methanol resistance... 

The importance of the correct selection of the elastomer to be used in the seal is clearly indicated. Furthermore the differences that can be obtained between different types of elastomer within a generic family is also evident from these volume swell data (Figs 7, 8, 9). A closer examination of the physical properties on ageing in methanol of two candidate elastomers, FKMB and FKMGF, preferred for their improved methanol resistance, is given in Table 18. This shows significant differences between these two apparently generically similar materials. 

Steam resistance and methanol resistance could be defined by simple screening tests (Sections 5.5 and 5.6). 

Li et al. prepared a kind of acid-base PEM membrane by introducing polypyrrole (Ppy) into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes by polymerization in SPEEK solutions, thus improving their methanol resistance. Cell performance was evaluated by using a DMFC unit cell, and the catalysts used at the anode and the cathode were Pt-Ru/C and Pt/C, respectively. The catalyst loading was 2.5 mg cm at both the anode and the cathode. A 2 M methanol solution was fed to the anode at a flow rate of 82 mL min , while the cathode was fed with dry O2 at a rate of 2000 mL min via a flow meter. The cell temperature was kept at 70°C. The cell performance of the SPEEK membrane was a little better than its composite membranes with a power of 115 mW. The highest power of the composite membranes was about 95 mW. But after the fuel cell performance experiment, SPEEK membranes show much more serious swelling than the composite membranes, despite the fact that they have a little better performance. 

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