Metformin transporters

Zhou, M., Xia, L. and Wang, J. (2007) Metformin transport by a newly cloned proton-stimulated organic cation transporter (plasma membrane monoamine transporter) expressed in human intestine. Drug Metabolism and Disposition The Biological Fate of Chemicals, 35 (10), 1956—1962. 

Wang, D. S., Jonker, J. W., Kato, Y., Kusuhara, H., Schinkel, A. H., Sugiyama, Y., Involvement of organic cation transporter 1 in hepatic and intestinal distribution of metformin,... 

Another drawback is the lack of correlation for paracellularly transported compounds. For example, some low molecular weight hydrophilic compounds (e.g., ranitidine, atenolol, furosemide, and metformin) showed poor permeability in the Caco-2 model despite an absorption larger than 50% in humans [168], This is due to the smaller size of the paracellular channels (controlled by tight junctions) in the Caco-2 model compared to human small intestine [146],... 

Ciaraldi TP, Kong AP, Chu NV, Kim DD, Baxi S, Loviscach M, Plodkowski R, Reitz R, Caulfield M, Mudaliar S, Henry RR. Regulation of glucose transport and insulin signaling by troglitazone or metformin in adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes 2002 51(l) 30-6. 

Kimura N, Masuda S, Tanihara Y, et al. Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCTl. Drug Metab Pharma-cokinet 2005 20 379-386. 

MATEl was shown to transport TEA and l-methyl-4-phenyl pyridiifium (MPP ). MATE2 also transports multiple OCs including TEA, MPP, cimetidine and metformin. ... 

Transporter absorptive effects predominant Examples. Acyclovir, Amiloride -, Amoxicillin Atenolol Atropine, Bidisomide Bisphosphonates Captoprit, Cefazolin Cetirizine Cimetidine Ciprofloxacin, Cloxacillin Dicloxacillin Erythromycin - -, Famotidine Fexofenadine Folinic acid Furosemide, Ganciclovir Hydrochlorothiazide, Lisinopril Metformin Methotrexate, Nadolol Penicillins Pravastatin Ranitidine Tetracycline Trimethoprim Valsartan Zalcitabine... 

SLC22 Organic cation/anion/zwitterion transporter 18 Pravastatin, metformin Systemic carnitine deficiency syndrome... 

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