Metals processing materials selection

During the materials selection procedure isothermal corrosion testing may indicate the suitability of a material for handling a corrosive process fluid. In many cases where heat transfer is involved the metal wall temperature experienced in service is higher than the bulk process fluid temperature. This, and the actual heat transfer through the material, must be taken into account since both factors can increase corrosion rates significantly. 

Metal-mediated reductive coupling of alkenes and alkynes affords access to complicated organic structures, including carbocyclic and heterocyclic molecules, from readily available starting materials. While most of these coupling reactions were initially developed as stoichiometric processes, many selective, catalytic versions have been developed over the past decade these advancements have made reductive coupling much more attractive to synthetic chemists. 

Materials fundamentals atomic bonding, crystalline structure, imperfection, phase diagrams and kinetics. Materials metals, ceramics, plastics and composites Materials selection for the chemical process industries... 

In most materials selection processes, it is virtually impossible to make materials choices independent of the product shape. This includes not only the macroscopic, or bulk, shape of the object such as hammer or pressure relief valve, but also the internal or microscopic shape, such as a honeycomb structure or a continuous-fiber-reinforced composite. Shape is so important because in order to achieve it, the material must be subjected to a specific processing step. In Chapter 7, we saw how even simple objects made from a single-phase metal alloy could be formed by multiple processes such as casting or forging, and how these processing steps can affect the ultimate properties of the material. As illustrated in Figure 8.6, function dictates the choice of... 

Nonetheless, the wear-rate descriptions of Section 8.2.2 give ns at least a starting point in the material selection process. We once again see that ceramics and refractory metals will provide the best (lowest) wear rates. However, processability mnst be carefnlly evaluated for these materials, particnlarly for the refractory metals due to their high melting points. 

The main features of the MPG process are shown in Figure 5.20. A desulfurization unit is not shown in this flowsheet. It may be located either upstream or downstream of the gasification unit. Its location depends on the heat utilization and on material selection for the equipment in areas that are prone to metal dusting179. 

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