Metal halide nitridation

See Lithium nitride Transition metal halides Sulfur nitrides... 

Titanium and vanadium nitrides may be prepared by a metathesis reaction of their tetrachlorides with the nitride, initiated by heat or friction. The reaction is potentially explosive. Other transition metal halides may cause ampules to explode after thermal initiation when anhydrous and were invariably found to do so when the hydrates were used. 

Metal halides, oxides, and nitrides Bent s rule for transition metals... 

Main-group elements X such as monovalent F, divalent O, and trivalent N are expected to form families of transition-metal compounds MX (M—F fluorides, M=0 oxides, M=N nitrides) that are analogous to the corresponding p-block compounds. In this section we wish to compare the geometries and NBO descriptors of transition-metal halides, oxides, and nitrides briefly with the isovalent hydrocarbon species (that is, we compare fluorides with hydrides or alkyls, oxides with alkylidenes, and nitrides with alkylidynes). However, these substitutions also bring in other important electronic variations whose effects will now be considered. 

Solid-state metathesis reactions. For a number of compounds, solid-state metathesis (exchange) reactions have the advantages of a rapid high-yield method that starts from room-temperature solids and needs little equipment. The principle behind these reactions is to use the exothermicity of formation of a salt to rapidly produce a compound. We may say that for instance a metal halide is combined with an alkali (or alkaline earth) compound of a /7-block element to produce the wanted product together with a salt which is then washed away with water or alcohol. Metathesis reactions have been used successfully in the preparation of several crystalline refractory materials such as borides, chalcogenides, nitrides. 

See METAL AZIDE HALIDES, METAL AZIDES, METAL HYDRAZIDES, NITRIDES, PER-CHLORYLAMIDE SALTS... 

No, the editor didn t know what this name meant either.) It means salts of the triva-lent anions of Group V, restricted in [1] to arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides and prepared by reaction of sodium pnictides with anhydrous halides of transition and lanthanide metals. This violently exothermic reaction may initiate as low as 25°C. Avoidance of hydrated halides is cautioned since these are likely to react uncontrollably on mixing. Another paper includes a similar reaction of phosphides, initiated by grinding [2], Nitrides are reported made from the thermally initiated reaction of sodium azide with metal halides, a very large sealed ampoule is counselled to contain the nitrogen [3],... 

These are usually reactions of anhydrous transition and B metal halides with dry alkali metal salts such as the sulphides, nitrides, phosphides, arsenides etc. to give exchange of anions. They tend to be very exothermic with higher valence halides and are frequently initiated by mild warming or grinding. Metathesis is... 

A large variety of catalysts, both homogeneous and heterogeneous, has been found active for dehydrohalogenation. The catalysts include a number of Br nsted and Lewis acids (liquid or soluble, as well as solid), metal oxides, active carbon, carbides, nitrides and some metals. However, in the latter case, the actual catalysts are most probably surface metal halides... 

See Lithium nitride Copper chloride See other METAL HALIDES... 

The van Arkel or Iodide Process was first used in The Netherlands in 1925 to make especially pure nitrides1. This process can make several metal nitrides (TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN, BN and AIN) by passing a mixture of the metal halide with nitrogen and hydrogen over a hot tungsten wire. The metal halide decomposes and the resulting nitride deposits on the wire. The process is described in U.S. Patent 1,671,213. 

These metal compounds can be made by high temperature (>100°C) reactions such as that of NH3 with the metal or metal oxide, or by lower temperature routes where metal halides are heated with Li3N or Na3Nn the latter method has been used for Ti, Cr, Mn, Hf, Y, and Sm nitrides. Thin films of nitrides can be made by chemical vapor deposition12 using amido compounds such as Ti(NMe2)4 and NH3 at 150-450°C at 1 atm. 

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