Mesomorphic order

Mesomorphic Order in Polymers and Polymerization in Liquid Crystalline Media (Ed. Blum-stein, A.). Amer. Chem. Soc. Symposium Series N 74, ACS, Washington, D.C., 1978... 

The present review is mainly concerned with the preparation and functionalization of micro compositional materials with cellulosic polysaccharides as the principal component, including four major categories graft copolymers, miscible or compatible polymer blends and networks, polysaccharide/inorganic nanohybrids, and mesomorphic ordered systems. Ultrathin layers of cellulosic... 

Uematsu, Y . Uematsu, I. In Mesomorphic Order in Polymers and Liquid Media Blumstein, A., Ed., ACS. Symposium Series No.74 American Chemical Society Washington, DC, 1978 p 136. 

Uematsu, Y., Uematsu, I. Mesomorphic order in polymers, pl56 ACS symposium Series, No 74, American Chemical Society, Washington, D. C., 1978... 

The complexation of 42 (R=Me) with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) results in a mesomorphously ordered material consisting of hexagonally-ordered ion-rich cylindrical rods containing the PAA embedded in a polystyrene matrix. This complex represents a new type of a polymeric hybrid material with a supramolecular ordered nanostructure [83]. 

It was observed that a high proportion of template (10%) can be introduced without losing the mesomorphic order [ 199]. Moreover after template extraction, the polymorphism was quite different from that of the non-imprinted material, the variations depending on the structure of the template used and on its concentration [200]. The last point is the manifestation of a significant memory effect of the template, imprinted inside the mesomorphic structure. It arises from the interactions between template and the other parts of the network which can induce conformational constraints inside the networks during cross-linking. It occurs even though the amount of crosslinker is low (5%). Moreover, this point constitutes a means for the direct study of the imprint left in the network by the template. 

The mesogenic structure of a benzoic acid dimer has been introduced as a noncovalent cross-linker for polysiloxanes [79]. Polymer 57 exhibits a smectic C phase due to the dynamics of H-bonding. In contrast, mesomorphic order is locked in the solid state of poly[(4-acryloyl)benzoic acid] by polymerization in its mesophase [128]. No liquid-crystalline state is observed for this material because of the lack of flexibility of the structures. Main-chain-type polymeric liquid-crystal associates are formed from carboxyl-bifunctionalized aromatic compounds [129]. 

On the other hand, the proportion of permanent entanglements cannot be estimated. The degree of polymerization above which entanglements should appear is unknown for side chain liquid crystal polymers and, because of the coupling of mesomorphous order, the entanglement slippage has to be regarded as dependent on the direction [95],... 

In liquid-crystalline phases, the introduction of liquid-crystalline order is the decisive factor in the elastic response. The coupling between mechanical properties and mesomorphous order is the main theme of this chapter (for more details, see Chap. V of this Volume). 

Different attempts to lock-in the long-range orientational order of the mesophases of the copper(II) carboxylates have been reported. One of them consisted of replacing the alkanoic acid moiety with a diacetylenic acid, namely, pentacosa-10,12-diynoic acid, to lead to a new mesogenic material which can then be polymerized. The copper complexes formed exhibited a mesophase with a lamello-columnar order, which has been processed into highly ordered crystalline fibers which were polymerized by UV radiation without disruption of the mesomorphic order. The combination of fiber morphology, order, and the presence of oriented polydiacetylene networks suggest that these systems could be of some interest as optically non-linear media. 

X-Ray Diffraction from Polymers with Mesomorphic Order... 

The relation between the molecular structure and the mesomorphic order has been previously discussed (1). 

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