Mercury magnetic properties

Secondary intrinsic magnetic properties, of M-type ferrites, 11 67, 68 Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), 24 74. See also SIMS entries archaeological materials, 5 744 Secondary ions, measurement of, 24 107 Secondary lead, 14 756-760 developments related to, 14 760 Secondary mercury production, end-uses and sources for, 16 39-42 Secondary metabolites... 

We then turn to the question of how to eliminate the spin-orbit interaction in four-component relativistic calculations. This allows the assessment of spin-orbit effects on molecular properties within the framework of a single theory. In a previous publication [13], we have shown how the spin-orbit interaction can be eliminated in four-component relativistic calculations of spectroscopic properties by deleting the quaternion imaginary parts of matrix representations of the quaternion modified Dirac equation. We show in this chapter how the application of the same procedure to second-order electric properties takes out spin-forbidden transitions in the spectrum of the mercury atom. Second-order magnetic properties require more care since the straightforward application of the above procedure will extinguish all spin interactions. After careful analysis on how to proceed we... 

The second characteristic property called perfect diamagnetism means that the superconductor material does not permit an applied magnetic field B to penetrate into its interior. Those that totally exclude the applied magnetic field are known as Type I, and they are the superconducting elements such as tin, mercury, and lead, which have the respective transition temperatures 3.7, 4.1, and 7.2K. Other superconductors called Type II are also perfect conductors of electricity, but their magnetic properties are more complex. They totally exclude magnetic fields when the applied field is low, but only partially exclude them when the applied field is larger. Thus, in... 

Liquid ammonia s ability to dissolve alkali and alkaline-earth metals has been well known for a long time. In concentrated solutions, the metals largely remain in the metallic state. The magnetic properties and the electrical conductivity, which is comparable to that of mercury, confirm this. In the more dilute blue solutions, the metals are completely dissociated to positive metal ions and solvated electrons [1415]. The ammoniacal solutions allow preparation of many compounds otherwise unobtainable... 

The magnetic properties of mercury present a particularly interesting case. For although the dense liquid is a more or less typical metal and... 

Despite the importance of the magnetic properties of expanded fluid mercury, experimental difficulties related to the high critical pressure have prohibited measurements of the static susceptibility except close to r j. As discussed in Sec. 3.2.2, the Faraday method is not readily adapted to use with internally heated autoclaves and the high critical pressure prevents the use of sealed sample cells. Thus measurement of the static, uniform susceptibility of mercury under conditions close to the critical point remains an open challenge to experimentalists. 

Superconductivity dates back to 1911, when a Dutch physicist determined that the element mercury, when cooled to minus 452 degrees Fahrenheit, has virtually no electrical resistance. That is, it lost zero electric power when used as a means to distribute electricity from one spot to another. Two decades later, in 1933, a German physicist named Walther Meissner discovered that superconductors have no interior magnetic field. This property enabled superconductivity to be put to commercial use by 1984, when magnetic resonance imaging machines (MRIs) were commercialized for medical imaging. 

Research activity in the field of superconductivity has been extensive and continues to be of interest globally. As a result of the discovery of the property of superconductivity, mercury was observed to conduct an electrical current without resistance. This observed state of zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism and the nature of magnetic flux penetration into superconducting materials have continued to draw the attention of materials scientists and solid state scientists. 

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