Melting equipment

Arc furnaces (cold crucible technique). Small, commercial, laboratory arc-melting equipment generally includes a high-vacuum/aigon atmosphere pumping... 

Processability will be important insofar as the need for complex equipment will add to cost, and it may ultimately render the material useless for this type of application. An example is melting point. Even if all other factors were attractively addressed, a high melting point would require special melting equipment and may in fact be dan-gerons to the patient. There are, of course, alternative methods of delivery to melting, snch as solvent evaporation, but the risks associated with those methods must also be evaluated. 

Table 4.14 Teehnieal ehoiee of the melting equipment for east iron melting [202, TWG, 2002]...

Rademacher, H. (1993). "Errichtung und Betrieb einer Absaugung der Induktionsofen-Schmelzerei und Nebenbetriebe (Establishment and Operation of Exhausting the Induction Furnaces Melting Equipment and its Sub-Plants - Final Report 1107", Umweltbundesamt, 50 441-5/168. 

J and M Laboratories, Inc. (Dawsonville, GA, USA) developed and patented their own polymer melt blowing equipment based on their expertise with hot melt equipment and became one of the main suppliers of innovative melt blowing equipment [2] for both pol)oner and adhesive melt blowing. 

Ke)words melt blowing, web, microfibers, microfilters, hot melt equipment, thermoplastic polymers, PP, extruder, filaments, air quenching, fiber entanglement, substrates, composite structures, nonwoven, sorbents, filtration, hot-melt adhesives, melt-blown textiles, microfibers, melt tank, die. 

Coating/dispensing Brush, trowel Spraying, extrusion Roll application (manual or automatic) Hot melt equipment Stencil, dip coating Film adhesives Pressure sensitive adhesives Preformed adhesives and sealants (in solid form)... 

We have covered a quick review of the electric boosting and melting equipment and design from our prospective. There are certainly significantly more criteria for the choices of location, power requirements, and control. The particular application and customer desired benefits must be provided and closely studied to provide the most efficient and cost effective system. 

These adhesives are available in several forms pellets, monofilament, ground resins, billets, and glue sticks. The pellets and ground resins can be applied with standard bulk hot melt applicators. The monofilaments, first developed by Bostik, are applied with specialized melting equipment. The billets are applied with modified bulk melt equipment which melts only the surface of the billet in contact with a heated... 

Polyesters, unlike polyamides, have little tendency to char when held in the molten state for a long time. Instead, they decline in viscosity and molecular weight. To avoid reduction in properties, polyesters should be exposed to the lowest possible application temperatures and the shortest dwell time in the melt equipment. Failure to prevent hydrolysis of the hot melt can result in very dramatic deterioration in the properties of the ultimate bonds. 

A major insurance company conducted a series of electrical inspections and found that 75 percent of all electrical failures are caused by a lack of preventive maintenance. Connections could be dirty or loose, moisture could be a problem, defective or inadequate insulation or short circuiting could be an issue. These conditions could easily cause a buildup of heat, which could melt equipment and potentially cause arcing that could ultimately result in a breakdown or fire. 

The five stages of the melting process as described in Sects. 3.1 and 3.2 occur in the melting equipment. These processes occur in chronological order in a discontinuously working pot furnace (Fig. 3.5), or parallel in different places in the continuous tank furnaces. Many types of melting furnaces are used. A specific example of a continuously working furnace is shown in Fig. 3.11. 

The type of melting equipment used depends on the glass composition, the required melting temperature, the quality specifications and the amoimt of glass produced. Often small, discontinuously working pots or special electrically heated furnaces with Pt-crucibles already fulfil many requirements. However, a detailed description is beyond the scope of this book. The reader is referred to the following review books [5,486,526]. 

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