Melamine polymers properties

Melamine, polymer with formaldehyde. See Melamine-formaldehyde resin Melamine pyrophosphate CAS 15541-60-3 Formula 2C3H6N6 H4O7P2 Properties Solid sol. 0.09 g/100 ml water Uses Flame retardant additive for polymers, latex intumescent coating formulations thermally stable Manuf./Distrib. Akzo Nobel http //www.akzonobei.com. Anhydrides Chems. http //www.broadview-tech.com. Great Lakes http //www.greatiakeschem.com, Miljac http //www.miijac.com, StanChem http //WWW. aibi. com... 

Together, antifreeze, PET, and polyester polymers account for about 98% of the ethylene glycol produced in the United States. It is also used sometimes as a deicer for aircraft surfaces. The two hydroxyl groups in the EG molecule also make EG suitable for the manufacture of surfactants and in latex paints. Other applications include hydraulic brake fluid, the manufacture of alkyd resins for surface coatings, and stabilizers for water dispersions of urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde The hygroscopic properties (absorbs moisture from the air) make EG useful as a humectant for textile fibers, paper, leather, and adhesives treatment. 

The United States production of amino plastics was more than 3 billion pounds in 2001. The urea-formadehyde polymers account for slightly more than 85% of the total. The amino plastics are similar in properties to the phenolics but are clearer and colorless. They are also harder but have somewhat lower impact strength and resistance to heat and moisture. The melamine resins are better than the ureas in hardness and resistance to heat and moisture. The melamine and urea resins are rated for continuous use at temperatures of 130-150°C and 100°C, respectively. The general applications of the amino and phenolic plastics are the same but there are uses where the amino plastics are superior. The melamine resins find an important niche due to their combination of clarity and lack of color compared to the phenolics and their superior hardness and heat and moisture resistance compared to... 

The most common advanced composites are made of thermosetting resins, such as epoxy polymers (the most popular singlematrix material), polyesters, vinyl esters, polyurethanes, polyimids, cianamids, bismaleimides, silicones, and melamine. Some of the most widely used thermoplastic polymers are polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PPE (poly[phenylene ether]), polypropylene, PEEK (poly [etheretherketone]), and ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene). The precise matrix selected for any given product depends primarily on the physical properties desired for that product. Each type of resin has its own characteristic thermal properties (such as melting point... 

Boron compounds such as borax and boric acid are well-known fire retardants in cellulosic products and coatings.12 However, the use of boron compounds such as zinc borate, ammonium pent-aborate (APB), melamine borate, boric oxide, boron phosphate, and other metal borates in polymers has become prominent only since early 1980s.3 6 This chapter will review the chemical and physical properties, the end-use applications, as well as the mode of actions of major boron compounds as fire retardants in different applications. Since boron-based flame retardants are extensively used and quoted in literature, only those formulations of commercial importance and representative literature examples will be discussed and/or cited in this chapter. 

The combination of resonance stabilization in the melamine heterocycle, and the high cross-linking between methylol melamines and with the other polymers, all produce the outstanding properties which make it a valuable specialty member of the thermoset plastics spectrum. 

The synthesis of phenolic-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins in the presence of fumed silica allows obtaining porous organic materials with a differentiated porous structure and surface properties. The pore characteristics of the studied resins in dry state were determined from nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The differences in surface character of the synthesized polymers were estimated satisfactorily by XPS spectra showing the presence of various functional groups. The adsorption/desorption mechanism of water and benzene on the investigated porous polymers was different due to differentiated hydrophobicity of the bulk material. 

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