Mechanization, energy requirements

The C02 is removed in either a chemical, a hybrid, or a physical absorption process. Residual C02 contents are usually in the range of 50 to 1000 ppmv, depending on the type and design of the removal unit. The physical absorption processes may be designed for zero heat consumption. But for comparison with the chemical processes, the mechanical energy requirements have to be considered.53... 

As mentioned earlier, the acceleration type behavior is explained by an increase in surface due to breakup of catalyst particles subjected to mechanical pressure of growing polymer chains anchored to the catalyst active centers. The smaller the particle size, the greater the mechanical energy required for further size reduction, and so the particle size—and hence the specific surface area—would reach some asymptotic value. The stationary polymerization rate would correspond to this catalyst particle size. 

Mechanism Energy Required Carrier Direction Saturable... 

Next, we consider the relationship between Go, the minimum mechanical energy required to disrupt an interface, and W, the equilibrium, thermodynamic work of adhesion. Firstly, however, we discuss the corresponding quantities for the cohesive fracture of a lightly cross-linked rubber. These are Goc, the threshold tearing energy (114), and ITc, the reversible fracture energy of the bonds... 

Another problem in colloids is detergency, which involves the action of sinfac-tants (originally soaps were used) to alter interfacial properties so as to promote dirt or oil removal from solid surfaces. The detergent s role is to alter interfacial tensions in order to reduce the amount of mechanical energy required to dislodge the dirt. If the dirt is solid then it is a simple matter of wettability alteration. 

Mechanical energy required for Fes04 formation reaction... 

It may be noted that if the solvent is liquid under ambient conditions, the mechanical energy requirements of the pressure reduction method of solute recovery may be considerably reduced since repressurisation of the solvent in liquid form may be used rather than repressurisation of gaseous solvent. The pilot plant used by the UK National Coal Board (now British Coal) for the supercritical extraction of coal was of this type [17]. However, the decrease in mechanical energy requirements is balanced by increased thermal requirements. 

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