Mechanically adaptive

Currey, J. D. 1984 Mechanical adaptations of bones. Princeton Princeton University Press. 

Specific defence mechanisms (adaptive immune system)... 

Fig. 11 Cetane number of intermediates and products of the reaction pathway of metal-catalyzed ring opening of decalin via dicarbene mechanism. Adapted from ref. 12. 

Figure 1. Schematic representation of remodelling mechanisms. (Adapted form Langst and Becker, 2004.) The schemes show nucleosomes from the top. (a) The twist diffusion model - Twisting of DNA moves it over the histone surface in one base pair increments. This changes the position of the DNA with respect to the histone, as shown by the open and closed circles, (b) The Loop recapture model - Extranucleosomal DNA is pulled into the nucleosomes to replace a DNA segment which consequently loops out. This loop is then propragated over the histone surface like ripples of a wave. The star,, indicates how this leads to a change in the position of DNA relative to the nucleosome. (See Colour Plate 4.)...

Figure 6.1 The group I intron exon-spUcing mechanism. (Adapted with permission from Figure 1 of reference 24. Copyright 2004, with permission from Elsevier.)...

Figure 7.22 Cytochrome P450 model compound reaction profile consistent with a multi-step catalytic mechanism. (Adapted with permission from Schemes 7 and 8 of reference 68. Copyright 1997, Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry.)...

FIGURE 22. Schematic representation of the Lipscomb and Lindskog mechanisms. Adapted with permission from Reference 9. Copyright (2004) ACS... 

FIGURE 23.2 Redox cycling of ubiquinone in mitochondria. (Q-cycling mechanism). (Adapted from Y Li, H Zhu, MA Trush. Biochim Biophys Acta 1428 1-12, 1999.)... 

Numerous kinds of mechanical adaptations have been introduced into this department varying in simplicity from Hie old head-stone rollers, to very intricate ar-... 

The specifications of the granulator are as follows output (as referred to souece Mounted on the cover of the enclosure are a source powder feed connection, a ventilating connection, several injectors for feeding agglomerating liquid and an Inspection hole cover. Provision is also made for a mechanism adapted to change the angle of inclination of the plate within 45-60°. 

Figure 21.4 Phenylpropanoid and (iso)flavonoid pathway topology, subcellular localization and transport mechanisms. (Adapted from Winkel-Shirley, [2004], Kitamura, [2006] and Marinova et al. [2007b].)...

Mangum, C.P., and P.W. Hochachka (1998). New directions in comparative physiology and biochemistry Mechanisms, adaptations, and evolution. Physiol. Zool. 71 471-484. 

Figure 22 Raman-echo data (points) from the. vym-mcthyl stretch in CH3CD2OH in the liquid (295 K), in the high-temperature glass (80 K), and in the low-temperature glass (12 K). In all cases, there is no change in the decays between Ti = 0 and at Ti = 1 ps, showing that there is no slow dephasing mechanism. (Adapted from Ref. 5.)...

Fig. 4. A comparison of peroxidase, cytochrome c oxidase and cytochrome P-450 reaction mechanisms. Peroxidase mechanism adapted from that of Poulos[143], cytochrome P-450 mechanism adapted from that of Sligar [100], and cytochrome oxidase mechanism adapted from that of Babcock and Wikstrom[90]. RH, organic substrate for peroxidase and cytochrome P-450 (in the latter case the substrate is presumed to remain bound to the enzyme through most of the reaction cycle).

Figure 13 Speciation of metal ions in seawater and the main controlling mechanisms (Adapted from Ohman and Sjoberg, 1988. )...

The Double Harpoon a Mechanism Adapted to Alkaline Earth Metal Atom Reactions... 

Figure 14.21. Transport mechanisms. (Adapted from O Melia and Tiller, 1993.)...

FIGURE 19.4 Representation of the crystal growth mechanism. (Adapted from Lewin et al, 2005.)... 

Figure 7.30. Possible crack growth mechanism. [Adapted, by permission, from Xu X X, Crocrombe A D, Smith P A, Int. J. Fatigue, 16, No.7, 1994, 469-77.]...

Figure 8.44. Crack front propagation slowed down by a pinning mechanism. [Adapted, by permission, from Azimi H R, Pearson R A, Hertzberg R W, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 58, No.2, 1995,449-63.]...

Fig. 8.37. Schematic of the Friedel-Escaig cross slip mechanism (adapted from Bonneville et al. (1988)).

Fig. 11.20. Schematic of a variety of different fracture mechanisms (adapted from Ashhy et al. (1979)).

FIGURE 13.6 Fluorenone reduction reaction mechanism. (Adapted from Nakagawa, K. and Minami, K., Tetrahedron Lett., 5, 343-346, 1972.)... 

FIGURE 13.8 Formamidine sulfinic acid decomposition and reducing reaction mechanism. (Adapted from Makarov, S.Y.,Russ. Chem. Rev., 70(10), 885-895, 2001.)... 

The external organs of fenfe are the coverings of the immediate organs of fenfe, and are mechanically adapted for the reception or tranfmijQion of peculiar bodies, or of their qualities, as the cornea and humours of the eye, the tympanum of the ear, the cuticle of the fingers and tongue. 

Stout and Heal summarize the morphological and physiological characters that appear to favor the existence of Protozoa in soil as follows Small size and simple structure a capacity for rapid multiplication under favorable conditions encystment and excystment mechanisms adapted to fluctuations of soil moisture, salinity, aeration and food supply tolerance of a wide range of pH and temperature the ability to absorb nutrients in dissolved or particulate form. The rhizosphere of plants is a favorable environment for Protozoa because of the increased food supply in the forms of bacteria, plant excretions and plant residues. Although soil Protozoa can feed on a wide range of bacteria, they can apparently exercise a choice as to the species that they prefer. 

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