Mechanical Stimulation Using Thickness-Mode Actuation

3 Mechanical Stimulation Using Thickness-Mode Actuation 

The pattern on the thickness-mode devices can be adapted in any given application. The electrodes can also be addressed spatially to create a travelling wave along the surface of the entire device. These devices are typically operated under low to moderate actuation strains. They have excellent frequency response characteristics in the range most sensitive to human skin (below 100 Hz). 

An application for these active insoles that has been studied in some detail involves using them to enhance the sense of balance in elderly and diabetic patients. Clinical trials have shown that adding small amounts of vibratory noise to an elderly or diabetic person s foot can act as a carrier to carry the sensation felt at the feet over their lower sensory 

Other applications of thickness mode actuation that have not been fully investigated to date involve shifting pressure points in bedridden patients to prevent bedsores, massaging functionality to prevent thrombosis, and in tactile feedback devices including refreshable Braille devices [2]. 

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