Mechanical conditions response

Boiling at a heated surface, as has been shown, is a very complicated process, and it is consequently not possible to write and solve the usual differential equations of motion and energy with their appropriate boundary conditions. No adequate description of the fluid dynamics and thermal processes that occur during such a process is available, and more than two mechanisms are responsible for the high... 

Taylor, K.S., G.D. Waller, and L.A. Crowder. 1987. Impairment of a classical conditioned response of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) by sublethal doses of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. Apidologie 18 243-252. Theophilidis, G., M. Benaki, and E. Papadopoulu-Mourkidou. 1997. Neurotoxic action of six pyrethroid insecticides on the isolated sciatic nerve of a frog (Rana ridibunda). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 118C 97-103. Tippe, A. 1987. Evidence for different mechanisms of action of the three pyrethroids, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and fenvalerate, on the excitation threshold of myelinated nerve. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 28 67-74. 

Prompt NO Hydrocarbon fragments (such as C, CH, CH2) may react with atmospheric nitrogen under fuel-rich conditions to yield fixed nitrogen species such as NH, HCN, HjCN, and CN. These, in turn, can be oxidized to NO in the lean zone of the flame. In most flames, especially those from nitrogen-containing fuels, the prompt mechanism is responsible for only a small fraction of the total NO,. Its control is important only when attempting to reach the lowest possible emissions. 

Brettar, I., Ramos-Gonzales, M. I., Ramos, J. L. Hofle, M. G. (1994). Fate of Pseudomonas putida after release into lake water mesocosms different survival mechanisms in response to environmental conditions. Microbial Ecology, 27, 99-122. 

In allosteric enzymes, the activity of the enzyme is modulated by a non-covalently bound metabolite at a site on a protein other than the catalytic site. Normally, this results in a conformational change, which makes the catalytic site inactive or less active. Covalent modulated enzymes are interconverted between active and inactive forms by the action of other enzymes, some of which are modulated by allosteric-type control. Both of these control mechanisms are responsive to changes in cell conditions and typically the response time in allosteric control is a matter of seconds as compared with minutes in covalent modulation. A third type of control, the control of enzyme synthesis at the transcription stage of protein synthesis (see Appendix 5.6), can take several hours to take effect. 

The smaller-sized cyclohexene and cycloheptene have also been subjected to enantiodifferentiating photoisomerization, although the corresponding ( )-isomers are short-lived transient species. Photosensitization of (Z)-cyclohexene 31Z with chiral benzene(poly)carboxylates affords trans-anti-trans-, cis-trans-, and cis-anti-cis-cyclodimers 34 (Sch. 32). Interestingly, of the former two chiral products, only the trans-anti-trans isomer is optically active and its ee reaches up to 68%, whilst the cis-trans isomer is totally racemic under a variety of irradiation conditions, for which two competing, concerted, and stepwise cyclodimerization mechanisms are responsible. Thus, the enantiodifferentiating photoisomerization of 31Z to the optically... 

Durrant LA, Archer CW, Benjamin M, Ralphs JR. Organization of the chondrocyte cytoskeleton and its response to changing mechanical conditions in organ culture. JAnat. 1999 194 343-353. 

The presence of exchangeable Na+ could also significantly decrease soil permeability. The mechanism(s) responsible for decreasing soil permeability in the presence of Na+ can be demonstrated by looking into the components controlling water or soil solution movement potential under saturated conditions. Soil-saturated hydraulic conductivity is described by... 

The craze just behind the tip, however, is only a few nanometers wide, whereas crazes typically can attain widths of a few micrometers or so before fracture. Clearly, while the craze tip advance mechanism is responsible for initially generating very short lengths of fibrils, most of the fibril structure is generated by the mechanism of craze width growth. Even the stress conditions at the craze tip can be dramatically altered by the widening of the craze well behind the tip if the craze continues to widen without the craze tip advancing, the stress at the craze tip will rise until the craze tip... 

It was emphasized in [14] that the above-mentioned meehanisms were based on observations which have been made in studies covering a wide variety of experimental conditions, e. g., alloy composition, temperature and corrosive environments which impedes a detailed analysis of the published literature in terms of the predominant mechanism. Most likely not necessarily one particular mechanism is responsible for the effect of niobium, rather a combination of various mechanisms would be expected to be active [14]. Additional analyses such as cross-sectional TOM [20] of the corro-sifljftiayer and corrosion layer / metal interface region are needed for further investigations and to pinpoint the action of niobium. 

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