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Matter, electrical nature energy

Others have defined physical chemistry as that field of science that applies the laws of physics to elucidate the properties of chemical substances and clarify the characteristics of chemical phenomena. The term physical chemistry is usually applied to the study of the physical properties of substances, such as vapor pressure, surface tension, viscosity, refractive index, density, and crystallography, as well as to the study of the so-called classical aspects of the behavior of chemical systems, such as thermal properties, equilibria, rates of reactions, mechanisms of reactions, and ionization phenomena. In its more theoretical aspects, physical chemistry attempts to explain spectral properties of substances in terms of fundamental quantum theory, the interaction of energy with matter, the nature of chemical bonding, the relationships correlating the number of energy states of electrons in atoms and molecules with the observable properties shown by these systems, and the electrical, thermal, and mechanical effects of individual electrons and protons on solids and liquids. ... [Pg.15]

In the United States, methane is a major energy source used in many homes for cooking and heating of water and indoor air and water. It is commonly known that some power plants and industries use natural gas as a source of energy for generation of electricity and process heat and that this methane is a fossil fuel obtained from gas wells and transmitted throughout the country by gas pipelines. Most people also know that methane bubbles up from polluted swamps where sedimented plant matter is undergoing decomposition. Because of odors from swamps, and the odor due to natural gas additives, methane is incorrectly considered malodorous. [Pg.338]

Now it seems to me that this must be how consciousness works within the brain, where matter and energy are in a more unbound and dynamic state than throughout the rest of nature. It is easy for consciousness to direct the electrical flow in the central nervous system (though we have no idea how this is done) it is less easy for it to move, not... [Pg.117]

Hehum is used for low-temperature research (—272.2°C or 34°F). It has become important as a coolant for superconducting electrical systems that, when cooled, oiler httle resistance to the electrons passing through a conductor (wire or magnet). When the electrons are stripped from the hehum atom, a positive He ion results. The positive hehum ions (nuclei) occur in both natural and man-made radioactive emissions and are referred to as alpha particles. Hehum ions (alpha particles) are used in high-energy physics to study the nature of matter. [Pg.264]

A gas in which the pressure no longer depends on the temperature is said to be degenerate, an unfortunate term indeed, because the corresponding state borders on perfection. One might call it a state of perfect fullness, since no interstice is left vacant. Electrons occupy all possible energy states and total order prevails. Both the electrical conductivity and the fluidity also attain perfection. Objects made from this sublime form of matter are perfectly spherical. And yet, in quantum circles, this state of nature is obstinately referred to as degenerate ... [Pg.130]

We can run the cause-effect connection the other way. The natural motions of the charges within a material will necessarily create electric fields whose time-varying spectral properties are those known from how the materials absorb the energy of applied fields (the "fluctuation-dissipation theorem"). It is the correlations between these spontaneously occurring electric fields and their source charges that create van der Waals forces. At a deeper level, we can even think of all these charge or field fluctuations as results or distortions of the electromagnetic fields that would occur spontaneously in vacuum devoid of matter. [Pg.242]

In ordinary absorption spectroscopy one observes the interaction between an oscillating electric field and matter, resulting in transition between naturally present energy levels of a system of electrically charged dipoles. So it would be appropriate to call this "electric resonance spectroscopy". [Pg.359]


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Matter, electrical nature

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