Matrix properties involving multiplication

Physical adsorption relies on non-specific physical interaction between the enzyme protein and the surface of the matrix. In this method only weak bonds are involved, e.g. hydrogen bonds, multiple salt linkages, van der Waals forces, which on one hand is less desruptive towards enzyme, while on the other hand leads to desorption from the surfaces once there are changes in temperature, pH, ionic strength etc. Physical forces are non-specific and further adsorption of other proteins or other substances can occur as the immobilized enzyme is used which may alter the properties of the immobilized enzyme. 

The experimental technique for the trace analysis of metals simply involves the production of an emitter of acceptable quality. In general, 10 /im tungsten wires are activated at high temperature with benzonitrile in a multiple activation device. As the result of such an activation process, the tungsten wire is covered with dendrites of partially ordered pyrocarbon. Due to the small radii of curvature of the tips of the microneedles, the field strength is enhanced to a. level suitable for FDMS. These emitters are mechanically stable, which is important for repeated use they can also be chemically and thermally strained. This property is a prerequisite for the pyrolysis of the organic matrix and desorption of the metal cations, and last not least, the surface area of the emitter is sufficient for sample application. 

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