Maternal donors

Donor placenta is obtained after elective cesarean, and with informed maternal consent. Maternal donors are screened at deUvery usually by physical exam, reviewing medical history and standard questionnaire to assess the possibility of transmittable diseases. Suitability for transplant is determined by the absence of any infectious, malignant, neurological and autoimmune diseases and other exposures or social habits deemed improper to transplantation. Donors are screened for transmittable diseases such as HIV, HCV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and syphilis. These screening takes place predonation and bmonths after donation. No harm to either the newborn or maternal donor is encountered during the procurement process. - ... 

V6. Virro, M. R., and Shewchuk, A. B., Pregnancy outcome in 242 conceptions after artificial insemination with donor sperm and effects of maternal age on the prognosis for successful pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 148, 518-524 (1984). 

Protoplast fusion provides ein alternative method for chloroplast transfer (17,18). Transfer is based on the independent segregation of chloroplasts eind nuclei in heterokaryons obtained by protoplast fusion. Efficiency of recovery for specific combinations of chloroplasts and nuclei has been facilitated by using selectable chloroplast markers such as streptomycin or linoomyoin resistance, or by using maternal pigment-deficient mutants to visually differentiate between clones carrying donor and recipient chloroplasts. Elimination of the nucleus of the chloroplast donor is facilitated by irradiation of donor protoplasts prior to fusion. Methods of chloroplast transfer by protoplast fusion have been reviewed (17,18). In this review only transfer of triazine-resistant chloroplasts will be covered. Work in Nicotiana is more recent than in rapeseed ( 9) and potato (, 1 ), but serves to Illustrate the methodology of chloroplast transfer by protoplast fusion. 

B and T cell chimerism is readily established in affected infants with transplants of histoidentical sibling bone marrow " . As a matter of fact, maternal lymphocytes can be detected in affected male infants over a period of months Successful transplants from MLC-identical relatives have been accomplished despite HL-A non-identity between donor and recipient . Administration of a suitable dose of bone marrow cells from the donor is accomplished with 50 X 10 nucleated cells per kg intravenously. More cells are optimal for intraperitoneal injection, perhaps 50 x 10 . Evidence that the graft has become established and that immunological reconstitution has occurred usually requires 3-8 weeks. 

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