Material properties morphology

It allows the obtainment of information about topography (surface features of an object, i.e., its texture and relation among these features and the material properties), morphology (shape and size of the particles and relation among... 

To further explore the influence of silica material properties (morphology, surface area, silanol concentration, and surface treatment) on the silica flame-retardant properties, various types of silicas (silica gel, fumed silicas, and fused silica) were investigated.50 51 Material properties of the various silicas are summarized in Table 8.6. These different types of silicas were added to polypropylene and polyethylene oxide to determine their flame-retardant effectiveness and mechanisms. Polypropylene was chosen as a non-char-forming thermoplastic, and polyethylene oxide was chosen as a polar slightly char-forming thermoplastic. Flammability properties were measured in the cone calorimeter and the mass loss rate was measured in the radiative gasification device in nitrogen to exclude any gas phase oxidation reactions. 

Unlike incompatible heterogeneous blends of elastomer-elastomer, elastomer-plastic, and plastic-plastic, the reactively processed heterogeneous blends are expected to develop a variable extent of chemical interaction. For this reason the material properties, interfacial properties, and phase morphology of reactively processed blends would differ significantly from heterogeneous mixtures. 

Schirrer, R. Optical Interferometry Running Crack-Tip Morphologies and Craze Material Properties. Vol. 91/92, pp. 215-262. 

It was the objective of this work to investigate the effect of variation in block architecture (number and the order of the blocks) on the crystallinity level, morphology, the stress-strain and hysteresis behavior of this series of polymers. In addition, the composition ratio of the two block types is expected to play a crucial role in determining the bulk material properties of the block copolymers. This is related to the fact that the mechanical properties of block copolymer are typically influenced more substantially by the behavior of the continuous phase, as will be demonstrated.(1,22)... 

Porous materials may have a closed porosity, which lowers their density and can be varied to optimise their mechanical properties, as this is carried out for some kinds of vascular grafts. For such materials, surface morphology must fulfil same requirements as those fulfilled by compact materials. 

Nanomaterials are commonly defined as materials with morphological features on the nanoscale (commonly below 100 nm in one, two, or all three dimensions), but a more precise definition would limit the scope to only those materials showing unique properties different from individual atoms or molecules as well as the bulk as a result of their nanoscale dimensions. 

From the process-design perspective the versatility of applications of PVC demands a precise adjustment of material properties to quality requirements, which are for the most part determined during the polymerization stage, namely by molecular-weight distribution (MWD) and the morphology of particles. 

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