Material billet

The process requires considerable equipment, and skills ia castiag must be acquired. Coatiauous castiag is useflil where souadness and high volume of parts are needed. The process is also used to produce shapes, such as billets, bars, and cakes, as starting materials for the wrought-product iadustry. 

Unalloyed molybdenum is available commercially in almost all forms, from forging billets and plate to seamless tubing, foil and wire. In addition, the following molybdenum-base alloys can be considered as established engineering materials Mo-0-5Ti-0-8Zr (designated TZM) and Mo-30W. A Mo-30Ta alloy has also been produced for specific applications where high corrosion resistance is required. 

Bilinear chemometrics methods, 6 39-57 Billet products, titanium, 24 858 Bill of Material, 15 460, 470 Bills of lading, 25 330 Bimetal complexes, 16 88 Bimetallic deactivation processes, 16 93-94 Bimetallic fluorides, 15 396 Bimetallic metal nitrides, 17 199 Bimetallic organometallic uranium complexes, 25 442 Bimetallic organometallic thorium complexes, 24 773-774... 

Hot Extrusion of Shells. A modification of the Ugine-Sejournet hot extrusion process (using glass as lubricant) is used by Scaife Company of Oakmont, Pennsylvania. In this process a complete shell (such as 4.2 inch) can be produced in one piece from a simple billet. Important features of the development are in the substitution of readily available billet stock for seamless steel tubing, a critical material in times of war. Another feature of this process is that it requires about 25% less steel Refs Ordnance, 38, 753 (1954) 2) Iron Age... 

Explosive billet 18mm diameter launched at 150m/s into standard wall. Impacted material burned in closed bomb. 

Lopez-Avila V, Beckert WF, Billets S. 1992. Supercritical fluid extraction and its application to environmental analysis. In Friedman D, ed. Waste testing and quality assurance third volume. ASTM Special Technical Publication 1075. Philadelphia, PA American Society for Testing and Materials, 141-153. 

Electrolytic purification of metals is considered at length in Chapter 17. In essence, metals can be deposited in high purity from solution on a cathodic surface, by careful control of the voltage and other parameters. The anode can be a billet of the impure metal, and the impurities will either stay in solution or form an insoluble anode slime here, both dissolution and reprecipitation of the desired metal are accomplished in a single electrolytic step. Alternatively, a crude solution of the metal ion might be prepared by some other means, and the pure metal deposited on a cathode with an anode of some inert material the product of electrolysis at the anode will normally be oxygen gas. 

Mixtures of lithium shavings and several halocarbon derivatives are impact-sensitive and will explode, sometimes violently [1,2]. Such materials include bromoform, carbon tetrabromide, carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetraiodide, chloroform, dichloromethane, diiodomethane, fhiorotrichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane. In an operational incident, shearing samples off a lithium billet immersed in carbon tetrachloride caused an explosion and continuing combustion of the immersed metal [3]. Lithium which had been washed in carbon tetrachloride to remove traces of oil exploded when cut with a knife. Hexane is recommended as a suitable washing solvent [4]. A few drops of carbon tetrachloride on burning lithium was without effect, but a 25 cc portion caused a violent explosion [5]. 

The principal variables that govern the amount of force required for extrusion are the type of extrusion (direct or indirect), the ratio of input to output areas, the working temperature, the speed of deformation, and the friction between the billet and the die and container walls. At elevated temperatures the material is easier to deform, however, the surface of the billet will tend to oxidize more. This oxidized surface may be carried along shear bands to the interior of the extrusions, resulting in internal oxide stringers. Lubricant potentially becomes... 

Figure 7.18 Equal-channel angular extrusion process. A metal billet is forced through an extrusion die with equal dimensioned channels separated by an angle 20. At the intersection of the two channels, the material undergoes intensive deformation by shear.

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