Transformations massive

There are other intermediate kinds of transformations, such as the bainitic and massive transformations, but going into details would take us too far here. However, a word should be said about order-disorder transformations, which have played a major role in modern physical metallurgy (Barrett and Massalski 1966). Figure 3.17 shows the most-studied example of this, in the Cu-Au system the nature of the... 

Fnrthermore, Varin et al. [27] reported that a long-term air exposure of nanocrystalline MgH for a few months leads to a massive transformation of a large fraction of MgH particles into the crystalline Mg(OH)2 phase. Such a reaction is especially detrimental to a nanocrystalline MgH synthesized by reactive ball milling as will be... 

Here I want to distinguish between advances in scientific knowledge and inventions (many of which occurred in the eighteenth century or earlier) and the massive transformations that scientific inventions wrought in daily material life (which came generally in the nineteenth century). 

Ino] Inoue, H., Koseki, T., Ohkita, S., Tanaka, T., Effect of Solidification on Subsequent Ferrite-to-Austenite Massive Transformation in an Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metal , ISIJ Int., 35 (10), 1248-1257 (1995) (Calculation, Experimental, Morphology, Phase Diagram, Phase Relations, 23)... 

The UK Government sold its remaining shares in BP in 1987. Between 1988 and 2003, the company went through a further period of massive transformation it grew rapidly by a series of mergers and acquisitions, with large increases in revenue and profitability. The companies involved included Britoil, Sohio, Amoco, Burmah-Castrol, and Atlantic Richfield. 

This experiment reveals no evidence of a massive transformation of preexisting perfect dislocations. It rather shows nucleation events of glide dislocations from lateral crack surfaces, where undissociated dislocations are nncleated at room temperature and under high stresses. 

Are they two different and independent deformation microstructures depending on the thermomechanical conditions Experimentally, no massive transformation was evidenced from preexisting perfect dislocations to dissociated ones. The interpretations proposed by Rabier and Demenet [69] and Saka et al. [76] seem to be very different, that is, there is no transformation but nucleation of dissociated dislocations, apparently with no relation to preexisting perfect defects [69], or there is a core transformation [76]. The two experiments were performed in very different conditions, but a common interpretation could be that a small critical nucleus of transformed core can provide a source for a new dislocation population [86], leaving unaffected most of the parent dislocation microstructure. 

In March 1989, Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons reported their discovery of cold nuclear fusion. They announced that during electrolysis of a solution of hthium hydroxide in heavy water (DjO) with a cathode made of massive palladium, nuclear transformations of deuterium at room temperature can be recorded. This announcement, which promised humankind a new and readily available energy source, was seized upon immediately by the mass media in many countries. Over the following years, research was undertaken worldwide on an unprecedented scale in an effort to verify this finding. 

The particle spectrum consists of a massless Goldstone boson 2, a massive scalar i, and more crucially a massive vector A. The Goldstone boson can be eliminated by gauge transformation. For infinitesimal gauge factor a(x),... 

As also mentioned in Sect. 2.1.2, Varin et al. [27] showed that a long-term air exposure of nanocrystalUne MgH for a few months led to a massive formation of crystalline Mg(OH)j not only on the surface but also in the bulk by conversion of the entire MgH particles into Mg(OH)2. Apparently, the initial amorphous hydroxide layer Mg(OH) grows and transforms into a crystalline-phase Mg(OH)2 (the reaction of (2.3)). 

After a secretion has been produced, it can be stored for later use or even accumulated for massive or repeated signals. Anal sacs of canids, mustelids, and felids, and the castor sacs of beaver are examples. The skunk provides the most dramatic example for such reservoirs with large amounts of often very potent secretions. We do not understand well if and how the various compounds are transformed in these reservoirs. 

If the star is massive enough, the force of gravity resumes core contraction, and this in turn leads to ever higher temperatures and densities. Core contraction is accompanied by expansion of the envelope, for reasons which have not yet been fully elucidated, initiating a new visual stage in the star s life. Its countenance is transformed as it mutates into a red giant. 

The destiny of stellar species invites the following question what mutation transforms an otherwise peaceful and long-lasting celestial body into an explosive and creative supernova In fact it is the star s luminosity and the ruinous energy expenditure of its glorious years that bring about its own downfall. Indeed, to shine it must burn, and to bum it must perish. In a straggle to draw out their final lustre, massive stars push their fires to the very limit and exhaust themselves in an attempt to preserve their former brilliance. 

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