Mass spectroscopy charge state

Fleig reviews fundamental aspects of solid state ionics, and illustrates many similarities between the field of solid state electrochemistry and liquid electrochemistry. These include the consideration of mass and charge transport, electrochemical reactions at electrode/solid interfaces, and impedance spectroscopy. Recent advances in microelectrodes based on solid state ionics are reviewed, along with their application to measuring inhomogeneous bulk conductivities, grain boundary properties, and electrode kinetics of reactions on anion conductors. 

Consequently, a more fundamental question arises Why should one apply mass spectrometry to supramolecules What is the motivation and what is the added value of using this method together with other techniques that are maybe more commonly used in supramolecular chemistry The present chapter elaborates on the hypothesis that the potential of mass spectrometry goes far beyond the analytical characterization of complexes with respect to their exact masses, charge states, stoichiometries, or purity. In fact, the information that can be gained is complementary to other methods such as NMR spectroscopy and includes structural aspects, reactivity, and even thermochemistry. Examination of supramolecules by mass spectrometry involves their transfer into the high vacuum of the mass spectrometer and thus implies that isolated particles are investigated. There is no... 

Transitions in the p He+ and p He+ atoms studied using laser spectroscopy in order to measure the mass and charge of the antiproton (Hori et al. 2006). The horizontal lines denote long-lived states, the wavy lines short-lived ones. The arrows indicate experimentally studied transitions with wavelengths in nanometers... 

V.l. Volkov, YA. Dobrovolsky, M.S. Nurtniev, E.A. Sanginov, E.V. Volkov, A.V. Pisareva, Charge and mass transport in the phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid-polyvinyl alcohol ion exchange membranes studied by pulsed field gradient NMR and impedance spectroscopy. Solid State Ionics 179 (2008) 148-153. 

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