Nematodes mass production

The two different techniques for mass production of entomopathogenic nematodes are (i) in vivo, and (ii) in vitro. Production of entomopathogenic nematodes depend upon the area to be applied as well as the type of nematode species used. If a small plot is to be applied as for research purpose, the in vivo production technique would be appropriate, otherwise for fields in vitro methods are used. 

Ehlers RU, Shapiro-Ilan DI. Mass production. In Grewal PS, Ehlers RU, Shapiro-Ilan DI, editors. Nematodes as biocontrol agents. Wallingford, UK CAB International 2005. pp. 65-78. 

Hara AH, Linderen JE, KayaHK. (1981) Monoxenic mass production of the entomogenous nematode, Neoaplectana carpocapsae (Wieser), On dog food/agar medium, USDA/SEA, AAT-W-16... 

Wouts WM. Mass production of the entomogenous nematodes Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Nematoda Heterorhabditidae) on artificial media. J Nematol. 1981 13 467—469. 

Mass production of inoculum for nematode control has not yet been upscaled industrially. To assure optimal longevity and infectivity of the conidia, the fungi are generally grown in solid-state surface cultures see under Pochonia chlamydosporia. For the production of Hirsutella rhossiliensis inoculum, stirred cultures in 5-L containers were used (Patel et al., 2001). 

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