Marshall test

Sulfui>-Aggregate Interaction. Substantial increases in stiffness of SA binder-based mixes, as measured by the Marshall test, tensile strength, and resilient modulus of elasticity, have been observed with increasing sulfur-asphalt ratio of the binder used (11, 15, 16). Such increases can, of course, be attributed in part to the increase in viscosity of the SA... 

Direct Substitution Method. Sulfur and asphalt were poured together at 300°F and were added to the heated aggregate at 300°-320°F. The three materials were mixed in the Hobart mixer for 2 min. Standard Marshall test samples for Marshall and dynamic stiffness tests were prepared as in the emulsification method. Bar samples for fatigue testing were prepared by kneading the mix into 3 X 3 X 12-in. bars to obtain compaction equal to the Marshall compacts. 

The allowable sulfur concentration in the binder depends on the properties of the asphalt. For example, asphalts A and B (Appendix, Table A-I) exhibit significantly different viscosities at the Marshall test temperature of 60°C. This difference is reflected by differences in mix stability at similar asphalt contents, shown in the Appendix and in Figure 6, i.e., 11120 N and 5960 N for asphalt A and B, respectively, at a content of 6 wt %. Asphalt B yields high-stability mixes and is not as prone to softening by low sulfur concentrations in the binder, whereas asphalt A exhibits the reverse behavior. 

Keyword paving material, asphalt mixture, waste plastics, recycling, Marshall test, wheel tracking test, dynamic stability, bending test. 

Mixing of the asphalt mixture materials was conducted for 3 minutes at 152 to 157°C in a mixer. Compaction of the asphalt mixture into a mold was conducted at 140 to 144°C with the Marshall test rammer or a roller compactor. 

Marshall test specimens of asphalt mixtures were prepared with the asphalt content varying at 0.5 percent intervals within the range of 4.5 to 6.5 percent. Density, stability and flow value of the specimens were measured to calculate the percentage of air void and voids filled with asphalt and to determinate the design asphalt content. 

Fig. 4. Design asphalt content determined by Marshall test...

Figures 9 and 10 show that Hveem stability will increase with sulfur content and decrease with increasing asphalt content. This is in agreement with the results observed in the Marshall tests. With the exception of 10% sulfur with asphalt contents greater than 5.5%, all mixes investigated exceeded the suggested test limits of 37 for heavy traffic shown in Table III.

Stability and performance under the influence of water using standardized methods Duriez, Bresilien, and Marshall tests (see Appendix ). 

Marshall Tests. These tests (Figure 13) were carried out first in... 

Marshall Test (7). Measurements on test samples compacted to a given level, of the stability and flow-characteristics of hot mixtures not incorporating aggregates with a granulometry in excess of 20 mm. 

CEN EN 12697-34. 2012. Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt- Part 34 Marshall test. Brussels CEN. 

A detailed description of specimen production and Marshall testing is provided in Annex 6.B, and a detailed description of the soaking test-capillary water absorption test is provided in Annex 6.C both annexes are found at the end of this chapter. 

Two specimens per bitumen content (use five levels of bitumen content), after curing for Marshall testing, are subjected to either the triaxial cyclic compression test or the static creep test at 40°C 0.5 C. 

When CO2 and aspartate were omitted from the system in addition to formate, a second aromatic amine accumulated, as shown by a Bratton-Marshall test color different from that given with phosphoribosyl aminoimidazole carboxamide. This amine was identified as phosphoribosyl aminoimidazole. These reaction sequences were then dissected to reveal their component parts. 

Morgan-Marshall Test. A sand-blast test developed by Morgan Refractories Ltd., and Thos. Marshall Co. Ltd., England, for the evaluation of the abrasion resistance of refractory bricks. In the UK the original apparatus (Tram. Brit. Ceram. Soc., 54,239,1955), modified in a few details, has been generally adopted... 

A team from Iran [57] looked into re-using waste products from SBR and HOPE manufacturing plants as modifiers for asphalt derived from the vacuum bottom residue in crude oil production. In addition to the waste SBR and PE, they also included N-methyl pyrrolidone (as an extender) in the study. Penetration, softening point and brass tests were conducted on the vacuum bottom residue, and Marshal tests were conducted on the polymer-modified hot mixed asphalt. They found that the optimised polymer-modified hot mixed asphalt exhibited superior strength and lower flow compared to standard 60/70 penetration-grade bitumen. 

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