Manoalide inflammatory activity

Manoalide (164), a marine natural product which inhibits the release of arachidonic acid from phospholipids by phospholipase A2 [397,398], showed topical anti-inflammatory activity in mouse ear models [399]. Activity in ISN and cRBL (< 1 M) have also been reported [400]. A series of analogues consisting of the furanone ring of manoalide bearing simple unsaturated 16-20 carbon chains showed similar activity in rabbit neutrophils and isolated guinea-pig neutrophil 5-LO [401] interestingly, however, topical anti-inflammatory activity was seen in phorbol ester ear oedema but not in AAE [399]. The importance of 5-LO inhibition to the anti-inflammatory activity of manoalide is unknown effects on phospholipase C and calcium channels have also been shown [402, 403]. 

Bugula neritina) and related organisms produce substances with antibacterial, antitumor (e.g. bryostatins, didemnin B, dolastatin, girodazol, halichondrin B), anti-inflammatory (e.g. pseudopterosin E, manoalide derivatives), antifungal, antiviral, or immuno-suppressive (e.g. microcolin A and B) activity [399,400]. These compounds and/or their synthetic derivatives may be important novel bioactive pharmaceutical substances. It is also very Hkely that some new natural marine substances or their derivatives can be used as antifouling compounds, insecticides, or fungicides. 

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