Magnus principle

A proposed mechanism of this reaction was reported by Magnus and Principle [10], which is nowadays widely accepted (Scheme 1). Recently, negative-ion electrospray collision experiments have confirmed this mechanism in detail [11]. Starting with the formation of the alkyne-Co2(CO)6 complex 2, olefin 3 coordination and subsequent insertion takes place at the less hindered end of the alkyne. The in situ formed metallacycle 4 reacts rapidly under insertion of a CO ligand 5 and reductive elimination of 6 proceeds to liberate the desired cyclopentenone 7. It is important to note that all the bond-forming steps occur on only one cobalt atom. The other cobalt atom of the complex is presumed to act as an anchor which has additional electronic influences on the bond-forming metal atom via the existing metal-metal bond [12]. 

General Principles There are two main types of mass flowmeters (1) the so-called true mass flowmeter, which responds directly to mass flow rate, and (2) the inferential mass flowmeter, which commonly measures volume flow rate and fluid density separately. A variety of types of true mass flowmeters have been developed, including the following (a) the Magnus-effect mass flowmeter, (b) the axial-flow, transverse-momentum mass flowmeter, (c) the radial-flow, transverse-momentum mass flowmeter, (d) the gyroscopic transverse-momentum mass flowmeter, and (e) the thermal mass flowmeter. Type b is the basis for several commercial mass flowmeters, one version of which is briefly described here. 

A description of the composition and principles of the manufacture of black-powder appeared in the works of two of the greatest scientists of the Middle Ages Albertus Magnus (Saint Albert the Great), a Dominican Monk born in Bavarian Swabia near 1200, and Roger Bacon of the Franciscan Order, born, according tradition, about 1214 at Ilchester in Somerset, England. 

Gawley R, Aub J. In Baldwin JE, Magnus FRS, Magnus PD, Eds. Principles of Asymmetric Synthesis. Oxford Pergamon Press, 1996. 

The stability of carbocations flanked by n-coordinated organic moieties is dramatically enhanced so that they react easily with nucleophiles [125]. Magnus et al. [126] applied this principle to the synthesis of the core structure (208) of the diynene antibiotics esperamicim and calicheamicins. As shown in Scheme 68, diynene 205 was converted to enol silyl ether which was treated with Co2(CO)g to give dicobalt hexacarbonyl adduct 206. Exposure of 206 to 3 equiv of TiCU and 1 equiv of DABCO at —43 to —35 °C gave macrocycle 207 in 50% yield. 

N.H.Ceglske, "Automatic Process Control for Chemical Engineers, Wiley, NY(1956) 14)Magnus Pyke "Automation, Its Purpose and Future, Philosophical Library, NY(1957) 13)Kirk Othmer, 1st Supplement (1957), 88-103(20 refs) 16)W.G. Holzbock, Automatic Control Principles and Practice, Reinhold,NY(1958) 17)R.L. Cosgtiff, "Nonlinear Control System, McGraw-Hill,NY(1958) 18)D.P.Eckman, "Automatic Process Control, Wiley,NY... 

A new reagent is Protein L from Peptococcus magnus which binds to Ig kappa chains (14,15). In principle this provide an alternative to Protein A and G as well as being appropriate for Fab and scFv fragments. As well as being specific for kappa light chains. Protein L is reported to bind human Ig better than rat or mouse. As yet there is no widespread experience—however, it appears to be very useful for IgM antibodies and other antibodies and their fragments whidi do not bind Protein A or G. 

Krahn E (1956) Negative magnus force. J Aero Sci 23 377-378 Kuo KK (1986) Principles of combustion. WUey, New York... 

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