Magnetism diamagnetism

Magnetism Diamagnetic Diamag Paramagnetic Paramagnetic Antiferro- Antiferro- ... 

The two primary causes of shielding by electrons are diamagnetism and temperature-independent paramagnetism (TIP). Diamagnetism arises from the slight unpairing of electron orbits under the influence of the magnetic field. This always occurs so as to oppose the field and was first analysed by Lamb [7]. A simplified version of his fomuila. 

It is a white crystalline, brittle metal with a pinkish tinge. It occurs native. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic of all metals, and the thermal conductivity is lower than any metal, except mercury. It has a high electrical resistance, and has the highest Hall effect of any metal (i.e., greatest increase in electrical resistance when placed in a magnetic field). 

Graphite is strongly diamagnetic because of its abundance of 7t electrons. Grinding the crystaUite smaller than 20 nm creates a deficiency in 7t electrons and thus destroys the diamagnetism. The value of the specific magnetic susceptibiUty for Sri Lanka graphite is ca — 6.5 x 10 at 20°C,... 

Magnetic susceptibiUty measurements indicate that the organic part of the coal is diamagnetic, having traces of paramagnetic behavior resulting from free radicals or unpaired electrons (6). 

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