Magnetic multimodal

KidwellCS, Alger JR, Saver JL. Beyond mismatch evolvingparadigmsinimagingtheische-mic penumbra with multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Stroke 2003 34 2729-2735. 

The MARS-S is constituted of a multimode cavity very close to domestic oven with safety precautions (15 mL vessels up to 0.5 L round-bottomed flasks, magnetic stirring, temperature control). The magnitude of microwave power available is 300 W. The optical temperature sensor is immersed in the reaction vessel for quick response up to 250 °C. A ceiling mounted is available in order to make connection with a conventional reflux system located outside the cavity or to ensure addition of reactants. These ports are provided with a ground choke to prevent microwave leakage. It is also possible to use a turntable for small vessels with volumes close to 0.1 mL to 15 mL vessels (120 positions for 15 mL vessels). Pressure vessels are available (33 bar monitored, 20 controlled). 

Another popular technique (particularly in medical applications) is the so called dual- or multimodal imaging , i.e., combined magnetic resonance (MRI) and... 

Figure 3.5 Reactor for batchwise organic synthesis. 1. Reaction vessel 2, top flange 3, cold finger 4, pressure meter 5, magnetron 6, forward/reverse power meters 7, magnetron power supply 8, magnetic stirrer 9, computer 10, optic fiber thermometer 11, load matching device 12, waveguide 13, multimodal cavity (applicator). (From Ref. 712, reproduced with permission.)...

Quast MJ, Huang NC, Hillman GR, Kent TA (1993) The evolution of acute stroke recorded by multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 11 465-471... 

The Ethos MR contains a multimode cavity very similar to that of a domestic oven but with safety precautions. It can use standard glass (420 mL up to 2.5 bar) or polymer reactors (375 mL up to 200 °C and 30 bar) with magnetic stirring. The microwave power available is 1 kW. The optical temperature sensor is immersed in the reaction vessel for rapid response up to 250 °C. An infrared sensor is also available. A ceiling mounting is available to enable connection with a conventional reflux system located outside the cavity or for addition of reactants. The Ethos CFR is illustrated in Eig. 2.17. It is a continuous-flow variant of the Ethos MR . 

Gold, magnetic, and semiconductor nanoparticles can also be useful probes in multimodal imaging techniques. Both glycobiology and glycobiophysics can profit from these biofunctional nano-tools. 

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