Homeostasis magnesium

Fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is maintained by feedback mechanisms, hormones, and many organ systems and is necessary for the body s normal physiologic functions. Disorders of sodium and water, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium homeostasis are addressed separately in this chapter. 

See Chap. 52, Disorders of Sodium and Water Homeostasis, authored by James D. Coyle and Melanie S. Joy Chap. 53, Disorders of Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis, authored by Amy Barton Pai, Mark Rohrscheib, and Melanie S. Joy and Chap. 54, Disorders of Potassium and Magnesium Homeostasis, authored by Donald F. Brophy and Todd W. B. Gehr, for a more detailed discussion of this topic... 

Calcium and magnesium homeostasis is altered by chronic diuretic therapy. Loop diuretics increase the urinary excretion of Ca2+ and can lead to stone formation. Thiazide administration, on the other hand, has the opposite effect and causes frank hypercalcaemia in some patients. Both thiazide and loop drugs increase the urinary loss of Mg2+ and this has been associated with cardiac arrythmias in the elderly. 

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Schlingmann KE, Konrad M, and Seyberth HW (2003) Genetics of hereditary disorders of magnesium homeostasis. Pediatric Nephrology 19 13-25. 

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Meij JC, van der Heuvel LPWJ and Knoers NVAM (2002) Genetic disorders of magnesium homeostasis. BioMetals 15 297-307. 

In animals and humans, magnesium homeostasis is predominantly regulated by... 

Magnesium is less commonly measured in toxicological studies and clinical medicine despite several compounds, such as cyclosporin and cisplatin, which have marked effects on magnesium homeostasis (Borland et al. 1985 Evans 1988), and cisplatin (Magil et al. 1986 Yao et al. 2007). Hypomagnesemia is often associated with myopathies. 

Konrad, M., K. P. Schlingmann, and T. Gudermann. 2004. Insights into the molecular nature of magnesium homeostasis. American Journal of Physiology and Renal Physiology 286 F599-605. 

Hormonal Regulation of Magnesium Homeostasis in Cultured Mammalian Cells... 

Magnesium homeostasis is essentially regulated by a process of filtration-reabsorption in the kidney. Urinary Mg excretion increases when Mg intake is in excess, whereas the kidney conserves Mg in the case of Mg deprivation. Usually, 1000mmol/24h of Mg is filtered and only 3 mmol/24 h is excreted in urine. 

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