Macroscopic imaging

Fig. 4 Insert Representative macroscopic image of an APNP hydrogel scaffold seeded with human adipose-derived stem cells following 7 days of culture in a 12-well plate. Graph Osmotic swelling pressure profile of APNP hydrogel scaffolds (green-squares) compared to human NP (orange-triangles and red-diamonds) values found in the literature [28]...

There are two interpretations of the statistical quantity A, both being closely related to the geometrical interpretation of the term phase boundary . From a purely macroscopic point of view, the gel of course represents a phase to which thermodynamical functions of state are related. Nevertheless, such a macroscopic image with a sharp boundary can hardly be correct in a PDC-column considering the range of end-to-end distances of the transported coils in the concentration profile, because the transported P-mer and the stationary gel are chemically equal in PDC. The two possible definitions of the quantity A(P) are ... 

A wide range of applications for agricultural purposes have been developed, including satellite and aircraft remote-sensing, macroscopic imaging for food quality... 

Fig. 4.11 (a) A photograph of the Australian greengrocer cicada. SEM images of (b) the nanotemplate of the cicada wing nanostructures (the scale bar is 500 nm), (c) the inverse h-PDMS mould, (d) an optical fiber exhibiting the polymer nanostructure replica, (e) the replica coated in silver, and (f) a macroscopic image of the imprinted fiber (Reproduced with permission from [29])... 

An appropriate combined use of molecular chemical information (NIR) and morphological measurements in macroscopic images (e.g., shape, optical texture, size) can enable the analysis of further complicated systems. This is particularly relevant when objects composed of different color-same compartments are being processed (e.g., meat slices), or when the product is composed of heterogeneous pieces within a bulk, such as animal feed. 

Confocal microscopy already allows the mapping of slices of a sample by spectral imaging at different depths. By combining traditional spectroscopy with microscopic and macroscopic imaging capabilities, complex heterogeneous samples can be analysed. In summary, the technique allows both the physical characteristics e.g. particle size and distribution, and chemical characteristics, e.g. the structural properties, of a sample to be investigated simultaneously. 

Macro to Micro Art These illustrations offer three partsi a macroscopic image (what you can see with your eyes) a molecular image (what the molecules are doing) and a symbolic representation (how chemists represent the process with symbols and equations). 

While microcopy gives a cellular picture of biological specimens, a comprehensive picture of cells or molecules within the context of tissue or whole organisms can be given by mesoscopic and macroscopic imaging modalities. Macroscopy... 

Macroscopic imaging has opened up a new avenue in biomedical sciences. With a large field of view, macroscopic techniques are suitable for studying cardiovascular disease, imaging the brain and visualizing tumors [35]. It could potentially be combined with other imaging modalities such as X-ray CT or MRI to provide more comprehensive anatomical or sttuctural information. 

What was especially unique and challenging about this project is that microscopic and macroscopic images must also be projected at a level where the clarity and quality of the image is at a level that microbiology experts can confidently provide consultation to the... 

STATPack message details Provides the message details, such as the microscopic or macroscopic images, related laboratory data, and level of urgency. 

Another relevant area is the study of order/disorder phenomena, acknowledging that microscopically tiny fluctuations can be somewhat immediately amplified to a macroscopic scale. What seems to be a purely random event on one level can appear to be deterministically lawful behavior on some other level. Quantum mechanics may serve as another example where the question of measurement is actually the eminent question of interpreting macroscopic images of the quantum-scale events. Factually we construct things on the basis of information, which we may call information transducers. 

Figure 15.5 Macroscopic images of the fabricated PLGA-TCP composite scaffolds incorporating ICT and/or BMP-2.

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