Macromolecular fluids

Sekimoto K, Suematsu N, Kawasaki K (1989) Phys Rev A39 4912 Sekimoto K, Kawasaki K (1988) In Tanaka F, Doi M, Ohta T (eds) Space-time organization in macromolecular fluids. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 105... 

Ty). Numerous authors have discussed certain special aspects of refractive index theory in simple dense fluids, macromolecular fluids and in fluids near the critical point. Also, various experimental studies of jRm have been carried out for simple fluids and water. " Frequency-dependent polarizabilities of atoms and simple molecules have been calculated. ... 

Most macromolecular fluids and concentrated emulsions are pseudoplastic fluids. They can also exhibit viscoelastic characteristics. 

Rubinstein, M. Colby, R.H. Gillmor, J.R. In Snace-Time Organization in Macromolecular Fluids pg. 66, Tanaka, F. ... 

In research there are many fascinating areas for speculation. At the molecular level there will have to be a small band of devoted scholars who will continue to do the painstaking, detailed derivations which only other kinetic theorists can appreciate fully. The past few years have seen a renaissance in the kinetic theory of macromolecular fluids, and many new avenues have been opened or suggested. Because of the development of high-speed computers, there is also considerable interest in developing the molecular dynamics approach to transport properties. It may turn out that transport properties will be predicted more readily by direct calculation of the molecular motions than by doing involved... 

Park I, Shirvanyants D, Nese A, Matyjaszewski K, Rubinstein M, Sheiko SS (2010) Spontaneous and specific activatitni of chemical bonds in macromolecular fluids. J Am Chem Soc 132 12487... 

Normal stress differences generated in shear flow are common features of isotropic macromolecular fluids.. They are associated with fluid elasticity and are related to a number of phenomena such as elastic recoil, die swell, orientation, and melt fracture. In fact, the ratio, N /2o, is related to the ultimate recoverable shear strain which can be measured in a cone-and-plate device on cessation of flow. Liquid crystalline fluids also exhibit positive values of N (see Figure 9) and in some cases negative values of Vail... 

One of the most common transient shear flows used to analyze the rheological characteristics of macromolecular fluids is that of small strain dynamic oscillatory flow. Measurements are usually carried out at strain levels where the stresses are directly proportional to strain. In this experiment, components of stress in phase (G", which is called the loss modulus) with strain rate and those out of phase (G, which is called the storage modulus) are measured as a function of angular frequency (w). G represents... 

This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. PHY99-07949 via the program Dynamics of complex and macromolecular fluids at the ITP, Santa Barbara, and it has been performed under the auspices of the Sonderforschungsbereich 448 Mesoskopisch strukturierte Verbundsysteme (Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft). 

In macromolecular fluids several interesting physical aspects and questions arise that have no analog in atomic and small-molecule systems. There are two broad issues worthy of explicit enumeration. 

There are many other physical systems and fundamental questions involving the role of attractive forces in macromolecular fluids that have begun to be addressed. 

As a general comment on the recent polymer integral equation work, we note that applications to date have focused primarily on the structure (intra- and intermolecular) and equation of state (based on a virial or free energy route) of the simple hard core, tangent jointed chain model of polymer solutions and melts. How tractable and generalizable the various approaches are for treating semiflexible and/or atomistic models of macromolecular fluids is unclear for most theories. Little, or no, work has... 

This chapter has focused on describing progress made over the past eight years on developing microscopic liquid-state theories of the conformation, structure, thermodynamics, and phase transitions of macromolecular fluids within the context of interaction site models and the RISM integral equation method. Even within this rather restrictive theoretical framework, many developments were not discussed. These include the following ... 

The rheological behavior of dense macromolecular fluids depends on the structure of their polym ic network and the mobility of the individual chains in this network. The material rigidity, for example, is... 

Praprotnik M, Poblete S, Delle Site L, Kremer K (2011) Comment on Adaptive multiscale molecular dynamics of macromolecular fluids . Phys Rev Lett 107 099801/1-2... 

Generally, theoretical descriptions of transport phenomena in fluids are difficult tasks for concentrated systems, even for particle diffusion. Good models are needed. Many theoretical approaches have been proposed for various fluid systems. In the following, we present two such approaches, which may be useful in dealing with macromolecular fluid systems. 

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