Lysogenic phase

Viral particles adsorb onto the surface of the bacterial cell and the viral genome is injected (infection). If the virus enters the lytic phase, the machinery of the host cell is directed toward the production and release of new viral particles. If the virus enters the lysogenic phase, the viral genome is integrated into the host cell DNA and may enter the lytic phase at a later time. 

Diphtheria toxin is the main pathogenicity factor in diphtheria (Pappen-heimer, 1977). The toxin gene is carried by a bacteriophage, p, which is lysogenic in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Toxigenic strains of the bacteria cause local infection of the throat. After recovery from the acute phase of the disease, life-threatening organ complications often occur, mainly in the heart, which are due to toxin produced by the bacteria in the throat and released into the circulation. Due to mass vaccination, the disease is now almost extinct in developed countries. 

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