Lysine-6-oxidase

Oxidative coupling of collagen Copper lysine oxidase (animals)... 

Lysine oxidase Cu Cross-links collagen and elastin... 

Preuschoff F., Spohn U., Weber E., Unverhau K., Mohr K.H., Chemiluminometric L-lysine determination with immobilized lysine oxidase by flow-injection analysis, Anal. Chim. Acta 1993 280 185-189. 

In an original application, Yasuda et al have used both l-AAO and d-AAO, and L-lysine oxidase to oxidize o ,Ci -diamino acids. The reactions produce the expected a-keto w-amino acid products, but these then spontaneously cyclize to form cyclic a-imino acids. These compounds are then substrates for the authors recently discovered A methyl amino acid dehydrogenase (NMAADH) from Pseudomonas putida, producing the pure L-cyclic amino acid (Scheme 5). 

The same group has exploited this interesting dehydrogenase for the synthesis of cyclic amino acids from linear precursors by developing a one-pot, two-enzyme system (Scheme 2.16). t-Lysine oxidase or L- or d-AAO were initially used to... 

Scheme 2.16 Synthesis of cyclic amino acid (R)-40 by combined use of L-lysine oxidase and NMAADH.

Lysine oxidase Connective tissue biosynthesis Mammals Knowles and Yadav (1984)... 

Various natural, chemically modified and mixtures of flavonoids are widely used therapeutically as venous protective or venotonic drugs in chronic venous insufficiency and haemorrhoidal attacks. Flavonoids have been found to inhibit increased vessel wall permeability, fluid changes in the capillary bed and diffusion of plasma proteins. In addition, they may exert a protective effect on the perivascular tissues due to their antihyaluronidase effect and the inhibition of lysine oxidase (producing crosslinks in collagen and elastin) and lysosomal hydrolases (degrade glycosamines). All these effects may account for the venotonic effects of these drugs [5]. However, the venous effects of flavonoids are out of the scope of the present review. 

Osteolathyrism is a disease characterized by lameness, skeletal deformities, aortic aneurysms, and slowing or cessation of body growth. Certain aminonitriles are known to cause osteolathyrism in several animal species aminoacetonitrile, 3-aminopropionitrile, and 3-amino-2-methylpropionitrile are potent inducers of this disease. It is believed that the basis of their ability to cause osteolathyrism is due to their ability to inhibit lysine oxidase, an enzyme important in cross-linking of collagen and formation of connective tissue. While no reports of these substances causing osteolathyrism in humans have appeared, it seems plausible that these substances could cause this disease in humans because they are known to cause it in a variety of experimental animals. 

D-Aspartate oxidase L-Amino-acid oxidase D-Amino-acid oxidase Amine oxidase (flavin-containing) Amine oxidase (copper-containing) D-Glutamate oxidase Ethanolamine oxidase Putrescine oxidase L-Glutamate oxidase L-Lysine oxidase... 

Collagen contains carbohydrate, predominantly in the form of glycosylated hydroxylysine residues, as O-galactosyl- -glucosyl side chains. The intermolecular crosslinks in collagen occur when the enzymatic oxidation of lysine residues by lysine oxidase spontaneously crosslink via aldimine and aldol bonds (10). 

Is small organic or inorganic molecules that an apo-enzyme requires for its activity, e.g. in lysine oxidase, copper is loosety bound which act as cofactor. 

Saurina, J. Hernandez-Cassou, S. Alegret, S. Fabregas, E. Amperometric determination of lysine using a lysine oxidase biosensor based on rigid-conducting composites. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1999,14, 211-220. 

Immobilised enzymes Glucose oxidase, urease, amino acid oxidases, lysine oxidase, etc. 

M. B. Assoumani, et. al.. Use of a lysine oxidase electrode for lysine determination in soybean meal hydrolyzates, Lebens.-Wiss.Technol. 23 (4), 322-27 (1990). 

Y. Sakai, N. Yoshida, A. Isogai, Y. Tani, andN. Kato, Purification and properties of fructosyl lysine oxidase from Fusarium oxysporum S-1F4, Biosci. Biotechnol Biochem., 59 (1995) 487—491. 

Fortified Enzymatic (lysine oxidase) sensor -i- seven... 

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