Lycopodium Clubmoss

Keywords Biological activity, clubmoss, Lycopodiaceae, Lycopodium clavatum... 

Lycopodium clavatum L. var. nipponicum Nakai L. obscurum L. L. selago L. L. serratum Thunb. Shen Jin Cao (Running pine, staghorn clubmoss, princess pine) (whole plant) Lycopodine, lycodoline, clavatine, fawcetine, clavoloninine, azelaic acid, clavatoxine, fawcetimine, deacetylfawcetine, nicotine, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, alpha-onocerin, lycoclavanol, lycoclavanin, lycopodine.33-48 Relieve the rigidity of muscles and joints, treat arthritis and dysmenorrhea. 

Ruscus aculeatus (butcher s broom) Veratrum species (hellebore) Strychnos nux-vomica (nux vomica) Lycopodium serratum (clubmoss)... 

Tussilago farfara (coitsfoot) Asteraceae (aster) Clubmoss Lycopodium serratum... 

The family of Lycopodiaceae contains three genera of clubmoss, Huperzia, Lycopodium, and Lycopodiella. 

Lycopodium serratum (clubmoss, Jin bu huan) has been used in Chinese medicine for more than 1000 years. It contains the alkaloid serratidine and triterpenoids, such as oxolycoclavinol, oxoserratenetriol, tohogeninol, and tohogenol. 

Mr 242.36, mp. 118 °C, [ajp- lO fCjHjOH). A Lycopodium alkaloid of the Ci Nj type from several clubmoss species (Lycopodiaceae). 

Lycopodine. Formula see Lycopodium alkaloids. CifiHjjNO, Mr 247.38, mp. 116°C, [d -24.5° (C2H5OH). A Lycopodium alkaloid of the C. N type from many club moss species (Lycopodiaceae). It is the most widely distributed Lycopodium alkaloid and usually occurs as the major alkaloid. It was first isolated over 100 years ago from a clubmoss species. L. is toxic and exerts a curare-like paralysing activity. Several syntheses have been reported. ... 

While for developing of simple piperidine alkaloids, e.g., pelletierine (Punica granatum), piperine (Piper nigrum et longum), and lobeline (Lobelia inflata), only one molecule of lysine is necessary, for quinolizidine alkaloids - e.g., lupinine (Lupinus luteus), sparteine of antiarrhythmic activity (Sarothamnus scoparius), and cytisine of respiratory stimulant effect (Laburnum species) - two molecules of lysines are indispensable. It was also proved that lycopodine (Lycopodium tristachyum, clubmoss) of quinolizidine structure has no polyketide origin, but it is a modified dimer of pelletierine, which, in turn, is derivable from lysine and acetate. 

Ainge GD, Lorimer SD, Gerard PJ, Ruf LD (2002) Insecticidal activity of huperzine A from the New Zealand clubmoss, Lycopodium varium. J Agric Food Chem 50(3) 491-494. doi 10.1021/jf0106087... 

---