Lowering of the melting point

Murray, S.M., O Brien, R.A., Mattson, K.M., Ceccarelli, C., Sykora, R.E. and West, K.N. Jr. (2010) Fluid-mosaic model, homeoviscous adaptation, and ionic liquids dramatic lowering of the melting point by side-chain unsaturation. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49 (15), 2755-2758. 

Copolymerization usually lowers the melting point by shortening the length of crystallizable sequences. For random copolymers the lowering of the melting point is (138)... 

Despite this tremendous versatility, there is still a fundamental limitation for these random copolymers melting point and modulus (stiffness) are inextricably coupled to the density (or percentage short-chain branching from LAO comonomer) as shown in Fig. 1. The same method employed to lower modulus (incorporation of comonomer) results in a thinning of the polyethylene crystals, concomitant with a lowering of the melting point, according to a relationship established by Flory [8],... 

Prevention of intracellular damage lowering of the melting point of triacylglycerol reserves... 

This example describes the lowering of the melting point by introduction of side groups. 

Eu—Sm system. — Lowering of the melting point of samarium from 1072° to 1052° C has been observed [248] by adding 0.2% of Eu.However, the a transition temperature of samarium remained unchanged. 

Estimate the lowering of the melting point of ice by the weight of a 180-lb skater. Assume that his entire weight is on one skate and that the skate makes an area of contact of 100 mm2 with the ice. 

The lowering of the melting point is also the same for these metals when the electron concentration instead of the atomic concentration is plotted against the temperature in the melting diagram. 

This lowering of the melting point may bo derived from the usual formula for the molecular depression t) —... 

Fig. 31. This is in harmony with the expectation on p. 69 above, that the lowering of the melting point of CaCl2.6H20 by addition of CaCl or H O is less than normal.

In completion it may be remarked that we have arrived in two different ways at the conclusion that the lowering of the melting point of hydrated calcium chloride by addition of water or calcium chloride is less than normal. Both arguments proceed essentially from the same fundamental assumption the first from the partial dissociation of the hydrate for equilibrium in the fused state the second on the existence of a pressure of water vapour for the fused hydrate, which is intimately bound up with the partial dissociation of the hydrate. Hydrates, therefore, that when melted have no vapour pressure of water must give the normal lowering of melting point on addition of cither component that is very approximately the case for bodies like sulphuric acid, and completely so for the carbohydrates. 

Starting again from iodine chloride, i. e. from /, another line is obtained by addition of chlorine, which represents the lowering of the melting point of iodine chloride by excess of chlorine—/h—terminating in H at on satura-... 

The addition of milkfat to cocoa butter (4) results in marked lowering of the melting point, adversely affecting the crystallization behavior and the hardness as shown in Table 8. An obvious decrease is clearly evident in the solid fat content and a deterioration in solidification properties as shown in the values of the Jensen curve. These results are further confirmed by comparing the curves for milkfat and cocoa butter in various proportions. There are two reasons for this strong decrease in hardness (5, 6) ... 

The molten condition of the deposit can allow electrochemical corrosion cells to be established. Furthermore, the problem may be accompanied by a lowering of the melting point of the deposit because of the presence of fluxing agents. It is at the anodic area that corrosion occurs ... 

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