Low-freezing dynamite

Nitrohydrene. Nitrated mixt of glycerol and sugar introduced by DuPont in 1911 as a component of low-freezing Dynamites. Such expls found extensive use in the USA until nitrated glycol was introduced in 1926 Ref Anon, IEC 50 41A (1958)... 

Nysol. An expl prepd by nitrating a soln of naphthalene in xylene, and used as an ingredient of low-freezing Dynamites Ref Bebie (1943), 112... 

This mixt, called Oxtmite , contains up to 15.9% N, and has been proposed for use in low-freezing Dynamites as a substitute for NG (See also under Electrochemical Nitrations in Vol 5 E61 L)... 

L.F. Dynamites. Abbr for Low-Freezing Dynamites. See Vol 5 of Encycl, D1584-L D1588-R to D1593-L... 

Liebert Dynamites. Low-freezing dynamites prepd from NG mixed with 3-5% iso-amylic ale nitrate. It was claimed that these were more powerful than those prepd from NG alone Ref Daniel (1902), 407... 

Formylglycerol Dinitrate was proposed by Dr Vezio Vender and used in Italy as an ingredient of low-freezing Dynamites (freezing below —20°). It is, however, more expensive than other antifreeze compds and has no advantage over them. Its mixt with NG(30 70) has 90% of the power of NG... 

French Low-Freezing Dynamites are expls having compns similar to Amer low-freezing Dynamites, such as for example NG 66.4, EGDN 16.6, Coliod Cotton 5.0, K nitrate 10.0 woodmeal 2.0% (Ref 1). Two Fr low-freezing... 

Solutions of glycerin with either grape sugar (glucose) or milk sugar (lactose) produce on nitration compounds similar to nitrated glycerin-sucrose mixtures, suitable for use in low-freezing dynamites... 

Accdg to G.D. Clift, for many years no use was found in the US for Drip Oil, although an attempt was made to utilize it. in low-freezing Dynamites, such as Lydol. As there was no market for this oil betw WWI and WWII, some of it was destroyed by burning. During WWII the DuPont Co proposed using it in RDX Compositions C-2 and C-3... 

American LF (Low Freezing) Dynamites Containing NPG (Nitropolyglycerin) or NGc (Nitroglycol)... 

Verg6 Explosivstoffe (Swiss). In 1913 A.E. Verge patented a group of low-freezing Dynamites based on mixts of NG, Collodion Cotton, perchlorates or nitrates, and liq aromatic nitrocompounds (prepd by nitrating a mixt of iso-... 

The explosion of this mixture which was proposed by Vender [22] as an additive to nitroglycerine in the manufacture low-freezing dynamites produces approximately 90% of the explosive power of nitroglycerine. 

Nitrodiglycerine is superior to dinitrochlorohydrin in low-freezing dynamites since it does not evolve hydrogen chloride among the explosion products. Also in favour of nitrodiglycerine is the fact that it does not dissolve in water. A further... 

In practice a mixture of glycerine and glycol in a 50/50 ratio is usually nitrated, so as to produce in one operation a product suitable for use in low-freezing dynamites. 

Davis [27] has described its physical state as an oily liquid, which was used in the United States as an additive to nitroglycerine in low-freezing dynamites. 

Sorbitol Penta nit rate (or Penta-o-nitro-D-gluci-tol). CsHeNsO 6 mw 407.20 N 17.20% OB to 0O2 — i,96% oily liq. Sol in ethanol Prepn is by adding dropwise a mixt of Sg sorbitol in 25g of coned nitric acid (d 1.52g/cc) at —10° to 50g of coned sulfuric add at —10 to —70°. The yield is 7.5g of a mixt which consists mostly of the Pentanitrate mixed with some Hexanitrate. This oily mixt which is reported erroneously as Sorbitol Hexanitrate by Davis (Ref 2) and correctly as a mixt of Penta and Hexa nitrates by Urbanski (Ref 4) is used as an additive to NG in low-freezing Dynamites Refs 1) Beil 1, <2840) 2) Davis (1943),... 

Its properties are as follows cartridge d, 1.67g/cc vel of deton, 4700m/sec and Trauzl test value, 340cc. Territ is comparable in properties to some low-freezing Dynamites and is safe to handle. Its brisance is such that in blasting coal or other mining operations, no small dust particulates are formed... 

Antifrost Cellodyne. An older Brit low-freezing dynamite which passed the Buxton test NG+NGc 56.5, CC 3, NaNO, 6, NaCl 10.5 borax 24%. Its ballistic pendulum swing was 2.51", vs 3.27" for 60% Gelignite Ref Marshall 1 (1917), 110 Note The swing of 60% Gelignite, a std Brit expl is given by Barnett (1919), 184... 

Verge Explosives. Low-freezing dynamites patented by A.E.Verge in 1913- Essentially they consist of NG, NC, liq DNT + TNT and inorganic oxidizer such as nitrate or pet-chlorate. Eg s a)NG 40.0, liq DNT + TNT... 

Nobel patented low-freezing dynamites. Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (Tetryl) first obtained by Mertens. 

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