Livelihoods

People are more willing to accept risks from which they will receive a direct, tangible benefit. A one-company town will likely have widespread community support for the company and accept the risks of its business—it directly or indirectly provides the livelihood for most families in the community. This may not be the case in an area having a broad-based manufacturing and service economy. Here the relatively small public benefit from a new plant may be outweighed by the public s perception of the plant s risk. People are unwilling to tolerate a given level of risk unless there is a direct benefit to themselves. 

The linkage between livelihoods and human well-being and ecosystem services. 

Development Not a development issue but concerned with sustainability of farming systems A development issue and may contribute to livelihood enhancement... 

Those who are willing to pay extra for goods traded in an ethical manner do so based on the understanding that significantly improved livelihoods result from the premium paid for fair trade and/or organic certified produce. Statements on packaging of ethically traded products relating to the impact on the livelihoods of producer communities serve to link consumption and production for the consumer. 

Whatever the reason for obtaining it, a chemical measurement has a certain importance since decisions based upon it will very often need to be made. These decisions may well have implications for the health or livelihood of millions of people. In addition, with the increasing liberalization of world trade, there is pressure to eliminate the replication of effort in testing products moving across national frontiers. This means that quantitative analytical results should be acceptable to all potential users, whether they be inside or outside the organization or country generating them. 

Livelihood Program, Save the Children, Dhaka, Bangladesh e-mail jahangir dhaka.net... 

Miah MG, Ahmed FU, Ahmed MM, Alam MN, Choudhury NH, Hamid MA (2002) Agroforestry in Bangladesh Potentials and opportunities. Country Paper Presented in ICRAF s South Asia Regional Agrofoiestry Consultation Workshop held on 23-25 November 2002 at New Delhi, India Miah MG, Ahmed MM (2003) Traditional agroforestry in Bangladesh Livelihood activities of the rural households. A Poster Presented at the XII World Forestry Congress, held in September 2003, Canada... 

That many do, and that some of the most severely ill people have made valuable contributions through education, advocacy, and activism, is a testament to human resilience. Gail McCormick has captured in this volume the stories of those who live constructive lives in the face of the almost impossible. In my own work researching the life impacts of MCS I have found varying levels of financial, social, occupational, and personal disruption. MCS threatens one s livelihood, friendships, family, and personal happiness because of the limited access to places and people, and because of others incredulous... 

A group of animals that is far simpler than dragon fish and is totally dependent on bacteria for its lifestyle and livelihood includes two families (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditae) of nematodes, or roundworms. Here it is not a matter of worms ex-... 

Arthropod parasites and the diseases they transmit are among the most important deterrents to the progress of tropical agriculture in Africa and Central and South America. No general agricultural economy can be entirely successful if domestic animals and poultry are excluded or their husbandry for any reason is unprofitable. In many tropical areas the entire livelihood of families or tribes depends on cattle that are used for food, draft, and as a measure of wealth. Outbreaks of parasites or disease epizootics that decimate or debilitate their animals can mean financial disaster or even famine for these people. 

It was probably not appreciated by the drafters of the bill that it would be very difficult to get scientists and engineers employed in industry to come forward with information on public policy concerns in the absence of some protection for their livelihoods. 

A number of industries are traditionally associated with the production of unpleasant smells, e.g. leatherworks, fat rendering plants, cement works, soap works and glue works. But these are generally associated with urban environments and many living close to them depend on the industry for their livelihood. Similarly, those traditionallly living in... 

The NASA organization was highly complex and several parts of the project were contracted out to private consultants whose livelihood depended on the success of the project. Production objectives emphasized the importance of the launch date for each mission. In light of the safety concerns and potential setbacks, work continued on the project. Had the... 

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