Lithium borosilicate glasses

Fig. 1.14. TEM-micrograph of a phase-separated lithium borosilicate glass of the following composition (mol %) 6.45 Li20, 21.55 B2O3, 72.00 Si02 with a droplet morphology [503]...

Table 1.4. Chemical composition (mol %) of a lithium borosilicate glass suitable for anodic bonding to silicon at 250° C [503]...

Shin H., Shin H. K., Jung H. S., Cho S. Y. and Hong K. S. Phase evalution and dielectric properties of MgTi205 ceramic sintered with lithium borosilicate glass. 

Hydrogen hexafluorophophosphate, Borosilicate glass, 4360 Hydrogen peroxide, Diethyl ether, 4477 Imidazoline-2,4-dithione, 1141 Lithium nitride, Silicon tetrafluoride, 4688 Magnesium, Metal oxides, 4690 Manganese trifluoride, 4335 f Methylacrylate, 1531 Nitric acid, Glassware, 4436 Oxalic acid, Urea, 0725... 

Kagawa, Y., Kurosawa, N., Kishi, T. (1993), Thermal shock resistance of SiC fibre-reinforced borosilicate glass and lithium aluminosilicate matrix composites , J. Mater. Sci., 28, 735-741. 

To diminish electrode pore flooding, McHenry and Winnick [106] studied new membrane formulations which included borosilicate glass and zeolites. These showed improved electrolyte retention and polarization behavior as compared with MgO-based membranes. The reduction in flooding allowed the cell to handle three times the current for the same applied overpotential. The same authors [107] also found that Lao,8Sro.2Co03 electrodes reacted with the molten pyrosulfate electrolyte. Lithium-doped nickel oxide replacement electrodes, however, were not degraded. 

Electrodes were made from two-barrel borosilicate glass tubing with filaments (WPI). One barrel was filled with 3 M KCl (2-10 MU) for stimulation and recording. For microejections, the other barrel was filled with 5% Lucifer Yellow (Lucifer Yellow CH, lithium salt. Molecular Probes) in 150 mM LiCl or with lOmM Alexa fluor 488 (hydrazide, sodium salt. Molecular Probes) in 200 mM KCl. When the double-barrel microelectrode was inserted into a cell, dye ejection was accomplished with 100-msec negative current pulses (1-50 nA) delivered through the dye-filled barrel and applied for 1-5 min at 100-msec intervals. After dye ejection the tissue was fixed. 

FIGURE 21.4 (See color insert.) Shearing of borosilicate glass using confined shear method. Oxygen atoms—red, silicon—yellow, boron—brown, the alkali ions—purple (lithium smaller than sodium). 

Acid resistance This property is best appreciated when the glass structure is understood. Most enamel frits are complex alkali metal borosilicates and can be visualised as a network of Si04 tetrahedra and BO, triangular configurations containing alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium or alkaline earth metals, especially calcium and barium, in the network interstices. 

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