Liquids magnetorheological fluids

A typical magnetorheological fluid consists of 20... 40% by volume of relatively pure, elemental iron particles suspended in a carrier liquid such as mineral oil, synthetic oil, water and/or glycol. A variety of proprietary additives, similar to those found in commercial lubricants, that inhibit gravitational settling and promote particle suspension, enhance lubricity, modify viscosity, and inhibit wear are commonly added. 

Guerrero-Sanchez C, Lara-Ceniceros T, Jimenez-Regalado E, Rasa M, Schubert US (2007) Magnetorheological fluids based on ionic liquids. Adv Mater 19(13) 1740. doi 10.1002/ adma.200700302... 

Magnetorheological fluids based on ionic liquids. Adv. Mater., 19,1740-1747 Hitchcock, P. B. Seddon, K. R. Welton, T. (1993). Hydrogen-bond acceptor abilities of tetrachlorometalate(ll) complexes in ionic liquids. /. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2639-2643... 

Magnetorheological materials (fluids) are the magnetic equivalent of electrorheological fluids. In this case, the particles are either ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic solids that are either dispersed or suspended within a liquid and the applied field is magnetic (14). 

There are also complex fluids that change from solid-like to liquid-like, or vice versa, when subjected to a modest deformation. Complex fluids of this type include particulate and polymeric gels. Some fluids change to solids when an electric or magnetic field is applied these are electrorheological and magnetorheological suspensions. A classical liquid or solid, on the other hand, does not change character in response to a weak field unless it is extremely close to a phase transition temperature. 

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