Liquid propellant solid phase

Peclet number, 352 trickle operation, 92-93 gas phase, 94 liquid phase, 103 Penetration theory, 340 Polymers, 38-40 n-Propane, 178 Propellants, solid combustion, 4-50 flameless, 45... 

Unfortunately, most of the elements chosen as promising propellant ingredients are metals and hence solids rather than liquids. The endeavor to incorporate solid-phase metals and metal compounds into liquid propellants has led to a whole new area of propellant technology. Heterogeneous fuels are discussed in detail later. 

Evaporators employ heat to concentrate solutions or to recover dissolved solids by precipitating them from saturated solutions. They are reboilers with special provisions for separating liquid and vapor phases and for removal of solids when they are precipitated or crystallized out. Simple kettle-type reboilers [Fig. 8.4(d)] may be adequate in some applications, especially if enough freeboard is provided. Some of the many specialized types of evaporators that are in use are represented on Figure 8.16. The tubes may be horizontal or vertical, long or short the liquid may be outside or inside the tubes, circulation may be natural or forced with pumps or propellers. 

If a liquid is used as die mobile phase, the technique used is liquid chromatography (LC). The solid adsorbent is constrained in a tube or column through which the liquid mobile phase flows. Any number of solvents, buffer solutions, or supercritical fluids can be used as liquid mobile phases. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used if pressure is needed to force die liquid phase through the tube. If the liquid phase moves over a thin adsorbent surface propelled by capillary action, die technique used is thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In general, two types of surfaces are used as the solid phase. 

Energetic materials which support rocket propulsion via chemical and thermodynamic changes in engines, as opposed to rocket motors, distinguish the liquid propellant mission versus applications of solid propellants. Liquid propellants encompass liquid-phase... 

Multiple-unit powders for local application are preferably packaged in a dredger or a pressurized container (for skin, teeth, or vaginal douche use). These preparations consist of a dispersion of a solid phase (drug) in a liquid propellant (liquid phase). By action on the actuator, the suspension is released by gas pressure. The propellant in contact with ambient air is evaporated and the powder remains on the treated area. The particle size obtained depends on the powder particle size before the preparation of the suspension. 

Formation of a vapor phase within a liquid or solid due to an extreme and rapid reduction in pressure and commonly exhibited in propellers... 

Propulsion by means of solid propellant is one of the advanced aerospace and missile fields of research. The remarkable performance, with a technologically more simple system than the liquid propellant jet, put this type of propellant at the heart of many advanced applications. Solid propellant engines find their application in all the propelled mission phases where the reference parameters (Trust Vectoring Control (TVC), time of ignition. 

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