Liquid color physical properties

Table 20.2. Liquid Color Physical Properties in Various Resins...

Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as normally shipped) Liquid Color Colorless to slight yellow Odor Extremely sharp - lachrymator piercing and disagreeable extremely Physical and Chemical Properties - Physical State at 15 °C and 1 atm. Liquid Molecular Weight 56.1 Boiling Point at 1 atm. 127, 53, 326 Freezing Point -125, -87, 186 Critical Temperature 489, 254, 527 Critical Pressure 737, 50.0, 5.08 Specific Gravity 0.843 at 20 °C (liquid) Vcq>or (Gas) Density 1.94 Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas) 1.1487 Latent Heat of Vaporization 216, 120, 5.02 Heat of Combustion -12500, -6950, -290 Heat of Decomposition Not pertinent. 

Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor Strong. Physical and Chemical Properties - Physical Slate at 15 C and I atm Liquid Molecular Weight 130,23 Boiling Point at I atm 564,5, 184,7, 457,9 Freezing Point < 158, <70, <343 Critical Temperature 711, 377, 650 Critical Pressure 512, 34.8, 3.53 Specific Gravity 0.834 at 20°C (liquid) Vqpor (Gas) Specific Gravity Not pertinent Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas) Not peTt ntt L-,LaterU Heat of Vaporization 167, 92.8, 3.89 Heat of Combustion -11,-9,710, -406.5 Heat of Decomposition Not pertinent. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms No common synonyms Chemical Formula Not pertinent. Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color. Colorless Odor Gasoline. Physical and Chemical Properties - Physical State at 15 XI and I atm. Liquid Molecular Weight Not pertinent Boiling Point at I atm. 58 - 275, 14 - 135, 287 - 408 Freezing Point Not pertinent Critical Temperature Not pertinent Critical Pressure Not pertinent Specific Gravity 0.71 - 0.75 at 15°C, (liquid) Vapor (Gas) Specific Gravity 3.4 Ratio cf Specific Heats cf Vapor (Gas) Not pertinent Latent Heat of Vaporization 130 - 150, 71 -81, 3.0 - 3.4 Heat of Combustion -18,720, -10,400, -435.4 Heat of Decomposition Not pertinent. 

Chemistry is concerned with the properties of matter, its distinguishing characteristics. A physical property of a substance is a characteristic that we can observe or measure without changing the identity of the substance. For example, a physical property of a sample of water is its mass another is its temperature. Physical properties include characteristics such as melting point (the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid), hardness, color, state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas), and density. A chemical property refers to the ability of a substance to change into another substance. For example, a chemical property of the gas hydrogen is that it reacts with (burns in) oxygen to produce water a chemical property of the metal zinc is that it reacts with acids to produce hydrogen gas. The rest of the book is concerned primarily with chemical properties here we shall review some important physical properties. 

As a result of its unique chemical and physical properties, silica gel is probably the most important single substance involved in liquid chromatography today. Without silica gel, it is doubtful whether HPLC could have evolved at all. Silica gel is an amorphous, highly porous, partially hydrated form of silica which is a substance made from the two most abundant elements in the earth s crust, silicon and oxygen. Silica, from which silica gel is manufactured, occurs naturally, either in conjunction with metal oxides in the form of silicates, such as clay or shale, or as free silica in the form of quartz, cristobalite or tridymite crystals. Quartz is sometimes found clear and colorless, but more often in an opaque form, frequently colored... 

Mixing time 6 is the time necessary to completely homogenize an admixture with the liquid contents of the vessel. It can easily be determined visually by a decolorization reaction (neutralization, redox reaction in the presence of a color indicator). The relevance list of this task consists of the target quantity (mixing time 6) and of the same parameters as in the case of mixing power— on condition that (contrary to Example 3) both liquids have similar physical properties ... 

The physical properties of the fatty acid ethoxylates depend on the nature of the fatty acid and even more on ethylene oxide content. As the latter increases, consistencies of the products change from free-flowing liquids to slurries to firm waxes (qv). At the same time, odor, which is characteristic of the fatty acid, decreases in intensity. Odor and color stability are important commercial properties, particulady in textile applications. Oleic acid esters, though possessing good functional properties, cannot be used because they tend to yellow on exposure to heat and air. 

Potassium, a soft, low density, silver-colored metal, has high thermal and electrical conductivities, and very low ionization energy. One useful physical property of potassium is that it forms liquid alloys with other alkali metals such as Na, Rb, and Cs. These alloys have very low vapor pressures and melting points. 

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