Liquid chromatography detector schematic

Figure 11.13 —Schematic am optical path showing the principle and simplified view of a diode array spectrophotometer. The shutter is the only mobile piece in the assembly, allowing subtraction of the background signal (dark current) without any light intensity striking the photodiodes. This inverted optical design allows the sample to be exposed to the exterior light. These instruments are widely used as detectors in liquid chromatography (cf. 3.7).

Figure 9-1 Schematic diagram of a gas-liquid chromatography apparatus. The detector is arranged to measure the difference in some property of the carrier gas alone versus the carrier gas plus effluent sample at the exit. Differences in thermal conductivity are particularly easy to measure and give reasonably high detection sensitivities.

Figure 13.5 Schematic presentation of the procedure involved in coupled-column RPLC AS, autosampler C-1 and C-2, first and second separation columns, respectively M-l and M-2, mobile phases S-l and S2, interferences A, target analytes HV, high-pressure valve D, detector. Reprinted from Journal of Chromatography, A 703, E. A. Hogendoorn and R van Zoonen, Coupled-column reversed-phase liquid chromatography in environmental analysis , pp. 149-166, copyright 1995, with permission from Elsevier Science.

The first experimental investigation and performance demonstration of an integrated liquid chromatography chip was carried out by Ocvirk et al. [84]. The device is shown schematically in Fig. 15 and comprises a split injector, a smallbore separation column, a frit, and a detector cell, all integrated in a monolithic manner. An electron micrograph of the silicon chip is also depicted in Fig. 15. The whole device was composed of two 350 pm Si chips and a 50 pm interme-... 

Figure 4.1 Schematic of an ion chromatograph instrument. The classic modular building design of liquid chromatography is seen here again, yet with the difference that the separation is generally performed isocraticaUy. The configuration shows a suppressor device installed after the column and in series with a conductivity detector. The suppressor serves to eliminate the ions arising from the eluent to improve sensitivity.

Figure 5.23. Schematic diagram of some typical postcolumn reaction configurations for liquid chromatography. A, non-segmented tubular reactor B, segmented tubular reactor C, extraction segmented reaction detector. P = pump, PS = phase separator, B = device for introducing bubbles and D = detector.

A schematic diagram of the liquid chromatography system and laser fluorescence detector Is shown in Figure 1. The key components of this analytical system are described sequentially In what follows ... 

Fig. 9. Schematic layout of the structured liquid chromatography chip (LC). Shown are (a) the layout of the channel system in silicon, (b) a cross-section along the separation channel axis, and (c) a cross-section along the detector cell axis. IS inlet for sample peak and mobile phase, S split injector, OS outlet for the rejected portion of the sample peak and mobile phase, C separation channel (column), F frit, D optical detector cell, OD outlet, P positioning grooves for optical fiber...

After the APCI or ESI processes have been run, the analyte is focused by means of octapoles and lenses and fed into the mass filter, such as, for example, an ion trap. In this segment, the solvent has been completely separated, leaving the ions isolated in the ion trap. After separation on the basis of their mass to charge ratio, the ions are accelerated to the detector (electron multiplier). Figure 4.3 provides a schematic representation of a mass spectrometer with ESI sprayhead and ion trap and liquid chromatography apparatus. 

---