Liquid breakup splash

Abstract Prediction of droplet size and velocity distribution produced by splash plate requires information on the liquid sheet characteristics and its breakup process. This chapter focuses on the sheet produced by splash plate nozzles and their characteristics such as sheet breakup length and produced droplet size. It explains different flow regimes occurring in splash plate nozzles as well as various breakup lengths provided by different researchers. Sheet formation phenomenon is explained theoretically and at the end correlations for droplet size prediction are provided. 

A review of the past literature on the available correlations on the mean droplet size produced by splash plate nozzles shows that there are large discrepancies between the results. The prediction of the droplet sizes generated by splash plate nozzles is based on the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability theory for a liquid sheet. Dombrowski and Johns [14], Dombrowski and Hooper [18] and Fraser et al. [13] developed such a theoretical model to predict droplet sizes from the breakup of a liquid sheet. They considered effects of liquid inertia, shear viscosity, surface tension and aerodynamic forces on the sheet breakup and ligament formation. Dombrowski and Johns [14] obtained the following equation for droplets produced by a viscous liquid sheet ... 

Inamura and Tomoda [28], and Inamura et al. [2] investigated the behavior of liquid sheet generated by impingement of a liquid jet onto a solid wall. They [2] combined Dombrowski s model of sheet breakup with the sheet thickness model developed based laminar boundary-layer analysis to predict the droplet size. However, they did not provide any correlation for droplet size. Fard et al. [10] studied numerically the effect of liquid properties and nozzle geometry on the droplet size distribution produced by splash plate nozzle. Again, no correlation to relate the droplet size with the studied parameters was provided. 

---