Lippmann-Young equation

From the standpoint of electrowetting contact angle saturation, the Lippmann-Young equation (Eq. (1) above) is valid up to V = Vsat at contact angle saturation. Assuming a composite insulator with a fluoropolymer layer over an underlying oxide layer, then at contact angle saturation Eq. (1) can be rewritten as... 

See also -> adhesion, -> Dupre equation, -> Lippmann equation, -> Lippmann capillary electrometer, -> point of zero charge, -> Young equation. 

See also capillarity, adhesion, double layer, Dupre equation, Gibbs-Lippmann equation, electrocapillary equation, -> electrokinetic effects, Lipp-mann equation, Lippmann capillary electrometer, point of zero charge, Young equation, Wilhelmy... 

In these early studies, Frumkin not only demonstrated his remarkable experimental skills but also revealed his deep understanding of natural phenomena, which was rare for someone so young. For example, he provided a complete and rigorous analysis of electrocapillarity theory and also derived the general relationship between the surface tension (reversible work of surface formation) and the surface electric charge, valid for solutions of aU compositions. The Lippmann equation was included as a special case. He also experimentally confirmed the validity of the results by carrying out measurements on a mercury electrode. The concepts developed by Frumkin changed the established view of electrode potentials, accepted since the time of Nemst. 

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